Titaniyamu vs Aluminium

11,579 Mawonedwe 2024-08-27 09:37:01

Katundu ndi mawonekedwe a titaniyamu

Titaniyamu imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha nyumba zake zopepuka, mphamvu, ndi mkulu-zimbiri-kukana, koma sizidziwika nthawi zonse kuti pali zinthu zina komanso zomwe angathe kuchita. Titaniyamu ndi chitsulo 'chatsopano' chomwe chimapezekamo 1790 ndipo idayamba kupangidwa m'mafakitale 1948 pambuyo pa kukhwima kwanthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake. Chifukwa cha nkhokwe zake zambiri komanso kudalirika kwa bio, titaniyamu ndi nsalu yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe komanso anthu. Kupyolera mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko nkhaniyi wapeza pafupifupi zosawerengeka zotheka mmodzi pambuyo inzake.

Processability wa Titanium

Titaniyamu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe molingana ndi JIS class1 imatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwezo, jigs, kapena makina monga aja azitsulo za carbon low ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ilinso ndi mphamvu yozama kwambiri.

Zitha kukhala zokongoletsedwa ndi msoko kapena zowotcherera m'malo mofanana ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mumlengalenga. Kwa kuwotcherera wamba (makamaka ndi kuwotcherera kwa TIG), argon chifukwa cha chishango chake cha gasi ndi kasamalidwe kena koyenera kawotcherera ndikofunikira. Palibe chodetsa nkhawa pakuwonongeka kwa magawo owotcherera kapena kusweka kwa dzimbiri.

Kuchita bwino kwachuma kwa Titanium

Malipiro a unit malinga ndi misa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa a low carbon metallic ndi chrome chitsulo, komabe mphamvu yokoka ya titaniyamu yotsika imachepetsa kusiyanitsa ndi kukula kwake.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchotsera mu makulidwe a geji ndi kotheka kudzera mu mawonekedwe ake apadera amphamvu zake zenizeni komanso kusamva dzimbiri., zomwe zingakhale zopindulitsa mokwanira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kuganiza zochepetsera ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mtengo wokonzanso.

Mwachitsanzo, Pali zabwino zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito titaniyamu ngati malonda opangira nsalu (madenga ndi magawano akunja) kuphatikiza kukhathamiritsa kwa chilengedwe komanso kupita patsogolo kwachilengedwe chonse chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa misa komanso phindu la kuchepetsedwa kwa chindapusa cha moyo..

Titaniyamu vs Aluminium

Katundu ndi mawonekedwe a aluminiyamu

Ngati munayamba mwafunsapo kuti ndi zotani zokhala ndi aluminiyamu zomwe zimapanga mtundu uwu wachitsulo chodziwika komanso chosinthika, simulinso nokha. Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aluminiyamu ndi zitsulo zotayidwa zikhale chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.. Izi zimakhala ndi zida, zomangamanga, ndege, ndi mafakitale amagalimoto, kungotchula ena.

Nyumba zambiri zapamwamba za aluminiyamu ndi ma aluminiyamu aloyi zimabweretsa mapulogalamu ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, zazitsulo zonse, zitsulo zotayidwa ndi zina mwazosavuta kupanga ndi makina. Mapangidwe a aluminiyumu amakina amapanga choncho. Zomwe zimasiyanasiyana zimakakamiza kulakalaka zinthu za aluminiyamu ndi zinthu?

Makhalidwe a Aluminium

Aluminium ili ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezeka kwa ogula kapena makampani opanga. Chifukwa durability ndi malleability, aluminiyumu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi kupanga makina, kutenthetsa kapena kupanga zotengera ndi zinthu zapakhomo. Zinthu zingapo zofunika za aluminiyamu zimasiyanitsa ndi zitsulo zina:

• Kulemera kopepuka: Aluminium imalemera mocheperapo poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zina monga mkuwa, chitsulo kapena chitsulo. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa kapena kupanga mapangidwe amlengalenga.
• Mphamvu: Chitsulocho chimakhala cholimba nthawi zambiri nyengo, kuphatikizapo kutentha kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso ndikusungabe mphamvu zake zoyambirira.
• Kukana dzimbiri: Aluminiyamu imatha kukanda kapena kupindika ndikukhalabe wolimba. Kukaniza kwa zipangizo kumatha kulimbikitsidwa kupyolera mu utoto kapena mapeto. Aluminium nayonso sichita dzimbiri.
• Magetsi conductivity: Kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka aluminium kamapangitsa magetsi bwino kuposa zitsulo zina monga chitsulo kapena mkuwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aluminiyamu ili ndi kuthekera kosiyanasiyana ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga mizere yamagetsi.
• Thermal conductivity: Aluminiyamu ndi yabwino pa kutentha kapena kuzizira ndipo imatha kukhala yolimba pakatentha kosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini, heater kapena firiji mbali.
• Non-magnetic chikhalidwe: Chifukwa aluminium si maginito nthawi zonse, makampani akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi.
• Kusinkhasinkha: Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owunikira, aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowunikira nyali kapena kutchingira zinthu ku mafunde a wailesi kapena kuwala.
• Recyclability: Aluminiyamu ndi yosinthika kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwa aluminiyumu, imakonzedwa mwachangu popanda kutaya mphamvu kapena mphamvu zake.
• Kusinthasintha: Aluminiyamu ndi imodzi mwazitsulo zosasunthika kwambiri kunja uko. Malleability ake, kulimba ndi zomwe zili pamwambazi zimapangitsa aluminiyumu kukhala chinthu chosinthika kwambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zapanyumba kupita ku ziwalo zandege.

Nsalu za Aluminiyamu ndi Aluminiyamu Aloyi

Aluminiyamu ndi chinthu chonga chitsulo chokhala ndi chitsulo chilichonse komanso nyumba zopanda zitsulo, ili mkati mwa banja la boron ndi carbon. Ngakhale aluminium ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi, Iyenera kuchotsedwa kuchokera ku miyala ya bauxite ndikudutsa njira yopangira kale kusiyana ndi kukhala wamalonda, aluminiyamu yotheka.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aluminiyamu

Aluminiyamu Kenako amalembedwa mogwirizana ndi zinthu zophatikizika mu mndandanda wa manambala 4, 1xx ku 8xx.

Zomwe zimayambitsidwa kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo mkuwa, magnesium, manganese, silicon, ndi zinc. Ndi izo, pali mitundu yambiri ya alloy.

Zolemba za alloy izi zimakhudza mawonekedwe ndi kupanga. Kuwonjezera zinthu kumawonjezera mphamvu, kutha ntchito, kukana dzimbiri, magetsi conductivity, ndi kachulukidwe poyerekeza ndi aluminiyamu wachilengedwe.

Zakuthupi

Thupi la aluminiyamu limakhudzana ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe, mankhwala asanasinthe.

Kuyerekeza kwamphamvu ndi kulimba kwa titaniyamu vs aluminium

Titaniyamu ndi aluminiyamu zonse ndi zitsulo zopepuka zokhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, koma amasiyana mu mphamvu zawo ndi kukhazikika kwake.

Mphamvu:

Titaniyamu ili ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri kuposa aluminiyamu. Mphamvu yolimba ya titaniyamu ili pozungulira 430-1220 MPa, pomwe aluminiyamu ili ndi mphamvu yokhazikika yozungulira 90-470 MPa.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti titaniyamu imatha kupirira katundu wambiri komanso kupsinjika musanapunduke kapena kusweka, kuchipanga kukhala chinthu cholimba.

Titaniyamu imakhalanso ndi mphamvu zokolola zambiri, kutanthauza kuti imatha kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu kusanachitike.

Kukhalitsa:

Titaniyamu nthawi zambiri imalimbana ndi dzimbiri kuposa aluminiyamu, makamaka m'malo ovuta. Titaniyamu imapanga gawo loteteza la oxide lomwe limakhala lokhazikika komanso losachita dzimbiri.

Aluminiyamu imatha kuwononga ndikutulutsa okosijeni mosavuta, makamaka akakumana ndi madzi amchere, zidulo, kapena zinthu zina zowononga.

Titaniyamu imakhalanso ndi mphamvu zotopa kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti imatha kupirira kutsitsa kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali isanalephere.

Kuchulukana:

Aluminium ili ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kuposa titaniyamu, kuzungulira 2.7 g/cm³ poyerekeza ndi 4.5 g/cm³ kwa titaniyamu.

Izi zimapangitsa aluminium kukhala njira yopepuka kwambiri, zomwe zimapindulitsa muzogwiritsira ntchito pamene kulemera ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri, monga muzamlengalenga ndi mayendedwe.

Powombetsa mkota, titaniyamu ndi chinthu champhamvu komanso cholimba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi aluminiyamu, ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, perekani mphamvu, ndi kukana dzimbiri. Komabe, aluminiyamu ili ndi mwayi wokhala wopepuka kwambiri pakulemera kwake.

Kusankha pakati pa titaniyamu ndi aluminiyamu kumatengera kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake komanso mgwirizano pakati pa mphamvu, kukhazikika, ndi kulemera kofunikira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyerekeza titaniyamu vs aluminium

Kugwiritsa ntchito titaniyamu

Titanium - Ntchito Zamlengalenga

Titaniyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina a injini monga ma rotor, masamba a compressor, zigawo za hydraulic system ndi nacelles. Titanium 6AL-4V alloy account pafupifupi 50% zitsulo zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu ndege.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwa kachulukidwe, kukana dzimbiri, ndikutha kupirira kutentha kwambiri popanda zokwawa, Titaniyamu aloyi ntchito mu ndege, zida zankhondo, zombo zapamadzi, chombo, ndi zoponya. Pakuti ntchito titaniyamu aloyi ndi zotayidwa, vanadium, ndi zinthu zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zigawo zofunika kwambiri, makoma a moto, zida zokwerera, utsi ducts (ma helikoputala), ndi ma hydraulic systems. Pamenepo, pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a zitsulo zonse za titaniyamu zomwe zimapangidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mainjini ndi mafelemu a ndege.

Titanium - Industrial Applications

Titaniyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina a injini monga ma rotor, masamba a compressor, zigawo za hydraulic system ndi nacelles. Titanium 6AL-4V alloy account pafupifupi 50% zitsulo zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu ndege.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwa kachulukidwe, kukana dzimbiri, ndikutha kupirira kutentha kwambiri popanda zokwawa, Titaniyamu aloyi ntchito mu ndege, zida zankhondo, zombo zapamadzi, chombo, ndi zoponya. Pakuti ntchito titaniyamu aloyi ndi zotayidwa, vanadium, ndi zinthu zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zigawo zofunika kwambiri, makoma a moto, zida zokwerera, utsi ducts (ma helikoputala), ndi ma hydraulic systems. Pamenepo, pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a zitsulo zonse za titaniyamu zomwe zimapangidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mainjini ndi mafelemu a ndege.

Titaniyamu - Ntchito Zogula ndi Zomangamanga

Chitsulo cha Titaniyamu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto, makamaka pa mpikisano wamagalimoto kapena njinga zamoto, kumene kuchepetsa kulemera n'kofunika kwambiri pamene mukukhalabe ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kusasunthika. Titaniyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri zamasewera: masewera a tennis, makalabu a gofu, matabwa a lacrosse, kiriketi, hockey, lacrosse ndi chipewa cha mpira grills, ndi mafelemu njinga ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu. Ma aloyi a Titaniyamu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mafelemu owonera. Ma aloyi awiri a Titanium omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani oyendetsa njinga ndi 6AL-4V (Gulu 5) ndi 3AI-2.5V (Gulu). Ma aloyi awiri osiyanawa ndi amphamvu kwambiri a Titaniyamu ndipo onse ndi ofala kwambiri pamakampani.

Chitsanzo ntchito titaniyamu

Titaniyamu - Ntchito Zachipatala

Chifukwa ndizogwirizana ndi bio (zopanda poizoni ndipo sizimakanidwa ndi thupi), Titaniyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala kuphatikiza zida zopangira opaleshoni ndi implants, monga mipira ya m'chiuno ndi zitsulo (kulowetsa m'malo) zomwe zitha kukhalapo mpaka pano 20 zaka. Titaniyamu ili ndi chibadwa cha osseointegrate, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito ma implants a mano omwe angakhalepo kwanthawi yayitali 30 zaka. Katunduyu ndiwothandizanso pakuyika mafupa a mafupa. Titaniyamu imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zopangira maopaleshoni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maopaleshoni owongolera zithunzi, komanso zikuku, ndodo, ndi zinthu zina zilizonse zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zolemetsa zochepa. Makhalidwe apadera a titaniyamu amatsimikiziranso kukhala MRI (Kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance) ndi CT (Computed Tomography) zogwirizana.

Ntchito za aluminiyamu

Magulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi aluminiyamu ndi 1100, 3003 ndi 6061. Manambala osiyanasiyana amatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo komanso kuthekera kwawo:

• 1100: 1100-grade aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo chosungunuka chomwe chimapangidwa mosavuta kukhala zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamankhwala, oyimba, matanki magalimoto, nameplates ndi fin stock. Mafakitale monga kuyatsa kapena mapaipi adzagwiritsa ntchito 1100 kalasi, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pophikira kapena pomanga.
• 3003: 3003 aluminiyamu ndi aloyi wamba wogwiritsidwa ntchito pophika, ziwiya, miphika ndi zivundikiro za poto. Ngakhale ndi kalasi yosunthika, sichikhoza kupirira kutentha kwambiri.
• 6061: The 6061 aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimawonongeka pakapita nthawi. Izi zingaphatikizepo kutayira kapena zigawo za mipando. Mphamvu ya 6061 kalasi ndi yofunikanso, kupanga njira yabwino kwambiri pazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chinyezi.

Aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Zitsanzo zina zodziwika bwino ndimowa, mbali za ndege, mafelemu a mawindo, ziwiya, zitini ndi zojambulazo. Aluminiyamu imapezekanso mu mizere yamagetsi kapena mu mawonekedwe a zokutira zotayidwa, monga mu paketi, mapepala okongoletsera ndi zidole.

Mapeto: Zomwe zili bwino pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana?

Kusankha pakati pa titaniyamu ndi aluminiyamu kumatengera zofunikira komanso zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito. Nazi malangizo ena okhudza nthawi yomwe nkhani iliyonse ingakhale yabwino:

Titaniyamu ndi yabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amaika patsogolo:

• Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kulemera
• Kukana dzimbiri
• Kukhalitsa ndi kutopa moyo
• Malo opanikizika kwambiri kapena ochita bwino kwambiri

Zitsanzo zomwe titaniyamu nthawi zambiri imakonda kwambiri:

• Mapangidwe apamlengalenga ndi zigawo zake (mwachitsanzo. mafelemu a ndege, magawo a injini)
• Ma implants azachipatala ndi ma prosthetics
• Zida zamasewera apamwamba (mwachitsanzo. mafelemu njinga, makalabu a gofu)
• Zida zopangira mankhwala
• Ntchito zam'madzi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi madzi amchere

Aluminiyamu ndi yabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amaika patsogolo:

• Kulemera kochepa
• Kuchita bwino kwa ndalama
• Kusavuta kupanga
• Zofunikira zamphamvu zapakatikati

Zitsanzo zomwe aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokonda kwambiri:

• Zida zamagalimoto zamagalimoto, mawilo, injini zigawo
• Consumer electronics (mwachitsanzo. laputopu, mafoni)
• Kumanga nyumba (mwachitsanzo. mafelemu a mawindo, kumbali)
• Zida zapakhomo
• Zida zofunika panja/zosangalalira