Sand Casting is a traditional metal casting process that involves creating a mold from compacted sand, then pouring molten metal into the cavity to form a desired shape.
Once the metal solidifies, the sand mold is broken apart to remove the final casting.
DEZE Technology provides a variety of casting services, and users can choose the appropriate casting process according to their needs.
If you don’t know which casting method is more suitable for your product, please contact us and our professional engineers will help you.
A pattern is a replica of the final part, slightly oversized to account for metal shrinkage during cooling.
It is usually made from wood, plastic, or metal.
The pattern is placed inside a molding box (flask), and sand mixed with a binder (like clay or resin) is packed around it.
The mold is made in two halves:
Cores are sand shapes inserted into the mold to form internal cavities in the casting.
Molten metal is prepared in a furnace and poured into the mold through a sprue and runner system.
After pouring, the metal is allowed to cool and solidify inside the mold.
Once the metal has cooled, the sand mold is broken apart to retrieve the solid casting.
Excess material such as sprues, risers, and flash are removed by cutting or grinding.
Sand casting supports a wide range of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. The choice depends on the desired mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, weight, and cost.
These metals contain iron and are commonly used for high-strength and structural applications.
| Material | Grades | Key Properties | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gray Cast Iron | ASTM A48, EN-GJL-200/300 | Excellent castability, vibration damping, compressive strength | Engine blocks, machine bases, housings |
| Ductile Iron | ASTM A536 (60-40-18), EN-GJS-400 | Toughness, ductility, fatigue resistance | Crankshafts, gears, pipe fittings, heavy machinery |
| Carbon Steel | AISI 1020, AISI 1045, AISI 1060 | High strength, cost-effective, weldable | Structural parts, shafts, industrial tools |
| Alloy Steel | AISI 4140, 4340, ASTM A387, EN 34CrNiMo6 | Heat resistance, hardenability, improved wear resistance | Gears, dies, pressure parts, aerospace |
| Stainless Steel | AISI 304, 316, 410, 420, CF8, CF8M | Excellent corrosion resistance, hygienic, high strength | Food-grade equipment, valves, pump parts, marine use |
These are metals without significant iron content, typically used for corrosion resistance and weight savings.
| Material | Grades | Key Properties | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum Alloys | A356, A319, 6061, LM6 | Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, good conductivity, recyclable | Automotive, aerospace parts, electrical enclosures |
| Bronze (Cu-Sn) | C83600, C93200, SAE 660 | Excellent wear/corrosion resistance | Bushings, gears, marine components |
| Brass (Cu-Zn) | C36000, C37700, CW614N | Good machinability, attractive finish, corrosion-resistant | Plumbing fixtures, decorative hardware |
| Copper | C11000, C12200 | Outstanding electrical and thermal conductivity | Electrical connectors, terminals, bus bars |
| Zinc Alloys | Zamak 3, Zamak 5, ZA-8 | Low melting point, excellent detail and surface finish | Complex small parts, die-cast components |
| Magnesium Alloys | AZ91D, AM60 | Extremely lightweight, high strength-to-weight ratio | Aerospace, electronics housings, automotive panels |
Sand casting’s versatility and low tooling cost make it ideal for a broad spectrum of applications—from heavy industrial components to artistic pieces:
Engine blocks, cylinder heads, brake drums, transmission housings, suspension knuckles, and railway wheels.
Pump housings, valve bodies, gearbox casings, compressor shells, and large machine bases.
Pump and compressor internals, refinery equipment housings, piping tees, elbows, and flanges.
Propeller hubs, rudder stocks, sea-water valve bodies, deck fittings (cleats, chocks), and anchor components.
Excavator buckets, bulldozer blades, crane sheaves, and structural castings for mining gear.
Turbine casings, steam-generator housings, pump volutes, and hydropower turbine parts.
Tractor housings, plowshares, combine-harvester components, and irrigation pump assemblies.
Statues, relief panels, fountains, ornamental railings, and façade elements.
Automobile casting parts
Aircraft casting parts
Oil and gas equipment accessories
Military equipment casting parts
304 Stainless Steel Auto Parts
316 Stainless Steel Flanges
Auto parts
Hardware parts
Auto parts
CF8M Stainless Steel Pump parts
2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Machinery parts
Machinery parts
Sand casting is a metal-forming process where a pattern creates a cavity in a sand-binder mixture, into which molten metal is poured.
After solidification, the sand mold is broken away to reveal the finished part.
Nearly any metal can be sand-cast, including ferrous alloys (gray and ductile iron, carbon and alloy steels) and non-ferrous alloys (aluminum, bronze, brass, copper, zinc, and magnesium).
Typical dimensional tolerances are around ± 0.5 mm per 100 mm of dimension, with surface finishes of Ra 6–12 µm.
Select sand casting for low-to-medium volumes, large or complex parts, rapid prototyping, or when low tooling cost is a priority—even if final parts require some machining.
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