High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) kutsanya, chaiyo yesimbi yekugadzira maitiro anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri senge autootive uye aerospace. Iyo inopinda yakanyungudutswa simbi mune molds kumhanyisa nekumhanya, Kugadzira yakaoma, Zvikamu Zvakakwana neSpoth Surfaces.
Kudzvinyirira kukwira kufa kukanda iko kwekukanda maitiro ekushandisa kumanikidza.
Nhungamiro yaro yekunyora ndeye kujekesa yakanyungudutswa kana semi-yakanyungudutswa simbi (kunyanya kusiri-ferrous metals uye alloys yavo senge aluminium, zinc, magnesium, uye mhangura) mubhadharo weiyo pre-yakagadzirwa simbi yakagadzirirwa mol (Inonzi dife casting anofa) pasi pekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro (kazhinji makumi emakumi emazana em megapascals) uye kumhanya kwakanyanya (kazhinji makumi emamita emamita pane yechipiri) Uchishandisa jekiseni system.
Iyo yakanyungudutswa simbi inozadza iyo cavity, inoitirwa pasi pekumanikidzwa, kutonhora, uye inosimbisa, pakupedzisira kuumba casting yeiyo inodiwa chimiro uye saizi.
Chii chakanyanya kumanikidza kufa kwekukanda
Nekuda kwekumanikidza kwayo, High-Speed Hunhu, HPDC inogona kuburitsa zvikamu zvakaonda-akavimbika, zvakanyatsogadzirirwa, zvakanyatsonaka, iva nemhando yakanaka yemhando, uye inogona kugadzirwa neyakanyanya kunyanyisa kugona.
Iyo yekutanga yebasa rekumanikidza kudzvinyirira kufa kunokandira kazhinji kunosanganisira matanho anotevera:
Maitiro kuyerera kwekumanikidza kudzvinyirira kufa
Kutenderera kwese kwakapfupika; Kwezvikamu zvidiki, makumi maviri kana kunyange mazana emadhora anogona kuzadzikiswa paminiti.
Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekadzi uye kushanda kweiyo jekiseni kamuri nekuremekedza kusimbi yakanyungudutswa, HPDC inonyanya kukamurwa mumhando mbiri:
Yakakwira kumanikidza kufa kwekukanda zvinonyanya kushandisa zvinoshandisa zvisiri-ferus esimbi alloys, yakasarudzwa kune yavo inobatsira kukanda zvivakwa uye mainjiniya maitiro akakodzera maitiro uye ekupedzisira-kushandisa mashandisirwo.
Kusarudzwa kwehuremu zvinhu sehuremu, simba, mutengo, zvinodikanwa zvinobatsira, uye inodikanwa kupedzisa.
Aluminium Alloys ndeyekunyanyisa sarudzo yakajairika yeHPDC, Kukosheswa kune yavo yakanaka musanganiswa wehuremu hwakajeka, simba rakanaka-kune-uremu reshiyo, high thermal conductivity, uye yakanaka Corrosion Rishance.
Kuvandirwa kwavo kukandwa kunobvumira kuoma kwejometiki uye madziro akatetepa, Kuvaita kuti ubiquitous mune zvemotokari zvikamu senge injini inovhara uye kutapurudzira housings, pamwe nemagetsi emagetsi uye kupisa zvinyoro-nyoro.
Mamakisi anozivikanwa anosanganisira A380 uye Adc12.
Dzvinyiridzo yakakwira yekukanda aluminium alloys
Zinc alloys anomira kuti zvibodzwa zvinoda kusarudzika fluidity uye yakakwirira nzvimbo yekupedzisa.
Pfungwa yavo yakadzika yekunyungudutsa inogonesa kugadzirwa kwetsika dzakaomesesa nemadziro akatetepa uye akanaka, kazhinji uchishandisa nekukurumidza inopisa-chammunes.
Izvi zvinoita kuti zinc alloys, senge zamak 3 naZamak 5, Yakanakira kushongedza Hardware, Mifananidzo chaiyo, Zvemotokari trim, uye zvikamu zvinoda yakakwirira-mhando plating.
Magnesium alloys ndivo vanoenda kusarudzo kana kuderedza uremu ndiko kusanzwisisika.
Semazita akaomeswa anowanzofa anowanzofa, Ivo vanopa iyo yakasarudzika simba-kune-uremu chiyero, kugona kwakanaka, uye Inorent EMI Shoeling.
Alloys SaAz91d ari kuwedzera kuwanikwa muzvikamu zvemotokari zvinomirira uremu kuderedzwa uremu (Semumizi yekufambisa vhiri) uye mune inotakurika zvemagetsi madhiri, Pasinei nekuda nekuchenjera kubata nekuda kwekutanga kwakaitika.
Copper alloys, kunyanya mrosses uye marara, anoshandiswa zvishoma kazhinji muHPDC nekuda kwemamwe mapopu avo akareba ekunyungudutsa, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kufa hupenyu uye kuwedzera maitiro.
Zvisinei, Ivo vanosarudzwa kuti vanyatsozvikumbiro vanoda simba rakanyanya, Kunaka kupfeka kurwisa, kunaka kwekusagadzikana, kana yepamusoro magetsi maitiro.
Mienzaniso inosanganisira zvimwe zvemapombi zvikamu, Magetsi Hardware, uye kupfeka zvikamu zvinopesana kunge bushings, kazhinji yakagadziriswa uchishandisa inotonhora-chamember michina.
Ferrous simbi simbi uye simbi kazhinji isingaenderane neiyo HPDC maitiro nekuda kwekudziya kwakanyanya kwekunyungudika.
Mushure mekunzwisisa zvakanakira uye zviri nyore, Sarudzo yekushandisa HPDC inoda kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
Mamiriro:
Zvinoda kugadzirwa kukuru (kazhinji makumi ezviuru, Mazana ezviuru, kana kunyange mamirioni enhengo).
Chikonzero:
Mari yeHPDC inofa uye michina yakanyanya kukwirira.
Chete kuburikidza neakakura-chiyero kugadzirwa kunogona kuti aya akakwira mitengo yakatarwa ichirongwa pamusoro peimwe chikamu, Kuwana yakadzika yunivhesiti inodhura uye yakazara ehupfumi bubility.
Zvinowanzodhura zvakanyanya kuderera-vhoriyamu kana prototype kugadzirwa.
Inzwi Rokugadzira
Mamiriro:
Dhizaini yemubatanidzwa inosanganisira madziro akatetepa (e.g., zvisingasviki 3mm), dzakadzika muhomwe, zvimiro zvakaoma, kana zvakanaka ruzivo.
Chikonzero:
HPDC yakakwirira-kumanikidza, Yakakwira-kumhanya kuzadza kugona kunozvitendera kunyatso zadza zvizere, Kugadzira yakaomeswa-yakakomberedzwa uye yakaoma zvivakwa zvakaoma kuwana nedzimwe nzira dzekukanda.
Mamiriro:
Chikamu chinoda Yakakura Dimensional Errece uye tight tolerances, Kuvanzika kwePedyo-Net chimiro zvikamu.
Chikonzero:
HPDC inoburitsa zviyero zvakagadziriswa zvikamu zvine tsvina yakanaka, zvakanyanya kuderedza kana kubvisa iyo inodiwa yemachinda anotevera, nokudaro kudzikisa mari yakazara uye yekugadzira nguva.
Kushivirira kwekumanikidza kudzvinyirira kufa kuchikanda zvikamu
Mamiriro:
Chikamu chinoda a yakakwirira-mhando pamusoro pekupedzisa yezvibodzwa zvemitambo kana kutevera kuungana, plating, kana zvimwe zvekurapa.
Chikonzero:
Iyo yakatsiga yemukati yemasimbi inofa yakadzokororwa zvakanyatsopindirwa pamusoro pekukanda pasi.
HPDC kazhinji inopa iyo iri nani nzvimbo yekupedzisa kupfuura maitiro sejecha casting.
Mamiriro:
Izvo zvinodiwa kuti chikamu chi isina-ferrous alloy yakakodzera kufa kukandira, kunyanya aluminium, zinc, kana magnesium alloys.
Chikonzero:
Iyo HPDC maitiro pachayo inoisa zvakananga zvinodiwa pane iyo yekunyungudika inonyungudika, fluidity, kugadziriswazve, etc.
Nepo vhezheni yemhangura vanogona kufa-cast, zvinonyanya kuoma uye zvinodhura. Simbi dzakanaka (simbi, iron) hazviwanzo kugadziriswa uchishandisa HPDC.
Mamiriro:
Izvo Zvikuru Zvekuita Zvinodiwa (Semasimba, kuoma) inogona kusangana ne "Se-cast" zvivakwa yeiyo yekufa-yakakwenya.
Kushandiswa hazvisanganisire kudzvinyirira kudzvinyirira kusimba (Kunze kwekunge nzira dzakakosha senge vacuum die casting dzinoshandiswa), haitsigiri zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kusimba kana kuomarara, uye hazvitsvage zvinotevera zvakarongeka mhepo yemuchadenga kana kurapwa kupisa kwakanangwa zvakanyanya nekuwedzera simba / kuoma (Semhinduro + Kukwegura).
Chikonzero:
HPDC zvikamu zvinogona kunge zvine microscopic porosity, kukanganisa kudzvinyirira kusimba, ductility, uye unononoka hupenyu.
Pores dzakadaro dzinogona kukonzera kupfava kana kukanganisa panguva yekushisa kupisa kwekupisa.
Iyo yakavezwa-yakagadzirirwa chimiro kubva kukurumidza kutonhora kunopa zvakanaka mamiriro ekunze uye kusimba zvine mwero, Asi kuomarara kwakazara kunogona kuve kwakaderera pane kukosheswa kana zvikamu zvinoitwa nemamwe mafambiro ekukanda / machining.
Mamiriro:
Mushure mekunyatsoongorora, Kufunga zvakakwirira zvigadzirwa zvevhu, mutengo wakakwana weHPDC (tooling + Yunivhesiti yekugadzira mutengo + post-kugadzirisa mutengo) yakaderera pane mamwe maitiro ekugadzira maitiro (kunge machining, kuderera-kumanikidza kukanda, Gravity kukanda, Metal jection inoumba mim, etc.).
Chikonzero:
Sarudzo yekugadzirisa inowanzo kutungamirirwa nehupfumi. Mumwe anofanirwa kuyera HPDC's yakaderera chikamu mutengo mukana wakakwirira kurwisa iyo yakakwirira yekutanga mari yekudyara uye chaiyo yekushanda kwemisangano.
Mamiriro:
Saizi yemubatanidzwa uye uremu inowira mukati merudzi rwunotenderwa rwe dife casting casting craping simba, kupfurwa kugona, uye die saizi capability.
Chikonzero:
Zvikamu zvikuru kana zvakakura kwazvo zvinogona kupfuura kugona kweiyo standard HPDC zvishandiso, Zvinogona kuda kutariswa nezvedzimwe nzira dzekukanda kana kugadzira zvikamu zvakasiyana.
Chikamu chehukuru hwekumanikidza zvakakwirira kufa kukanda
Muchidimbu, Dzvinyiriro yakakwira kufa kazhinji inowanzo kukwikwidza uye mutengo-inobudirira sarudzo kana chirongwa chacho chichida kugadzirwa kukuru kwe aluminium, zinc, kana magnesium Alloy Zvikamu Zvinoenderana Nemhando Dzakaoma, madziro akatetepa, yakanyanya kunyatso, uye yakanaka nzvimbo yekupedzisa, zvakapihwa izvo zvakanyanyisa zvinodiwa pakurira kwemukati (Kufanana nekumanikidza kusimba) uye inotevera kupisa kupisa / weldinging haisi iripo.
Kunyatsonzwisisa HPDC maitiro eHPDC uye akakodzera mafomu, kuenzanisa nedzimwe zvakajairika crincing maitiro anobatsira.
Kiyi yekuenzanisa inosanganisira kudzvinyirira kuderera kufa (LPDC), Gravity kukanda (inosanganisira jecha rinokanda uye kusingaperi mold gravity kukanda), uye kudzikisira mari (Precision kukanda).
Feature | High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) | Low Pressure Die Casting (LPDC) | Gravity Die Casting (Zvachose Mold - GDC / PM) | Gravity kukanda (Sand Casting) | Investment Casting |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kuzadza kumanikidzwa | High High (Tens kumazana MPA) | Low (0.05-0.15 MPa) | Giravhity chete | Giravhity chete | Giravhiti chete kana kushoma vacuum / centrifugal |
Kuzadza kumhanya | Nekukurumidza kwazvo (Makumi eM / S) | Slow, Kudzora | Slow | Slow | Slow |
Kugadzirwa kweyero | High High | Yepakati-yakakwira | Pakati | Yakaderera kusvika pakati | Low |
Mutengo Wekushandisa | High High | High | Yepakati-yakakwira | Low (Yakareruka Maitiro / Hapana Chisingaperi Mold) | Yepakati-yakakwira (Kufa + Wax + Shell) |
Unit mutengo (Yakakwira vol) | Low | Pakati-yakaderera | Pakati | Pakati | High |
Chikamu chakaoma | High (esp. madziro, yakaoma) | Yepakati-yakakwira | Pakati | Pakati (zvinoenderana nekuumbwa maitiro) | High High (maitiro akaomarara emukati) |
Anowanika Wall | Kutetepa kwazvo (pasi kusvika 0.5mmmm) | Zvakaonda (kazhinji > 2-3mm) | Gohwo (kazhinji > 3-4mm) | Gobvu (kazhinji > 3-5mm) | Kutetepa kutetepa, Rusununguko Rwiyo |
Dimensional Kururama | High High | High | Yepakati-yakakwira | Low | High High |
Surface Finish | Kugona chose | Kugona | Zvakanaka zvakanaka | Murombo | Kugona chose |
Kurira kwemukati | Pakati nepakati (Prone kune gasi, porosity) | High (Zadza zvakanaka, kutungamira kwakasimba.) | Zvakakwirira kwazvo | Pakati nepakati (SANGANO DZESVONDO, porosity) | High (Zvirinani pasi pePuum / inodzorwa ATM) |
Kupisa Kurapa | Murombo (Yemukati Pores inokonzeresa kupenya) | Kugona | Kugona | Zvinoenderana neAlloy & urema | Kugona |
Zvishandiso Zvinoshanda | Kunyanya al, Zn, Mg alloys; vamwe na | Kunyanya alloys; mamwe mg alloys | Kunyanya al, Cu alloys; Vamwe vakakanda simbi, Mg | Dzinenge dzese dzisimbi dzinodzikiswa (Fe, Simbi) | Dzinenge dzese dzisimbi dzinodzikiswa (incl. Supalloys, simbi) |
Vhoriyamu yakakodzera | Yakakwira vhoriyamu | Pakati nepakati vhoriyamu | Pakati nepakati vhoriyamu | Chidimbu chimwe chete, Yakaderera kune yakakura vhoriyamu | Yakaderera kusvika pakati vhoriyamu |
Sarudzo yekukanda maitiro zvinoenderana nekuenzanisa iyo chaiyo application zvinodiwa.
Dzvinyiriro yakakwira yekukanda tekinoroji inoramba ichishanduka, Nezvikonzero zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:
High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC), sekushanda kwakanyanya, Precise Kugadzira Tekinoroji Inogona Kugona Misa-Kugadzira Yakaomesesa Simbi Zvikamu, inobata nzvimbo isiriyo mune yazvino indasitiri.
Pasinei nemhedzisiro yakadai sekutanga kwekutanga investment uye kusanganisa kune porosity, zvakanakira izvo zvakanakira mukugadzirwa kwekugadzira, kurongeka kwakazara, uye mutengo-zvinobata pamavhoriyamu akakwirira zvakakonzera kushandira kwakapararira pane zvemotokari, zvemagetsi, vatengi zvinhu, uye mamwe mamwe zvikamu.
Nehanya kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi uye zvigadzirwa mumidziyo, maitiro, otomatiki, nehungwaru, HPDC yakarongedzerwa kuwedzera kukura, Kupa Kunosimudzira Kwazvo uye Makwikwi mhinduro dzeNyika Inogadzira.
Siya Mhinduro