Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel

1544 Iimbono 2025-05-09 15:34:51

Ukuqonda I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile iimpawu, iingenelo, kunye nokunqongophala kwenani ngalinye kubaluleke kakhulu kwiinjineli, abaqulunqi, abavelisi, kwaye nabani na obandakanyekayo ekukhetheni izinto.

Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwensimbi kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kakhulu, ubomi obude, iindleko, kunye nokhuseleko.

Esi sikhokelo sichazayo siya kuphinda senze inzulu yokuthelekisa i I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile, Ukubonelela ngokuqonda okubanzi ukuxhobisa ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi.

1. Intshayelelo

Intsimbi inikezela ngenye indlela yokutshintsha kuba izabelo kunye nonyango lobushushu lunokuyilinganisa kwipropathi ethile.

Olu tshintsho lukhokelele kwintsapho eyahlukeneyo yezitshixo, nganye ilungele indawo ezahlukeneyo kunye noxinzelelo.

Phakathi kwezi, umahluko phakathi kwe-carbon yentsimbi kunye nentsimbi engenasitali yenye yeembono eziqhelekileyo zenjineli.

1.1 Ukubaluleka kwe-Carbon Steel vs The Theraction yentsimbi

Ukhetho phakathi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile ayisiyondawo yokufunda nje.

Ineziphumo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo.

Ezi ntlobo zimbini zentsimbi zibonelela ngeeprofayili zentsebenzo ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi malunga:

• Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa: Oku kuhlala kuyinto ephambili, kunye nentsimbi engenasitali ebonisa ukunganyangeki okuphezulu kwi-rust kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-corrosion.
• Iipropati zoomatshini: Amandla, ubulukhuni, ubunzima, kwaye i-ducity ingahluka kakhulu.
• Iindleko: I-Carbon Steel yintsimbi engabizi kakhulu, Kodwa intsimbi engenasimo inokunika ixabiso elingcono lexesha elide ngenxa yokuqina kwayo.
• Ubuhle: Intsimbi engenasimo idla ngokukhethwa icocekile, Inkangeleko yanamhlanje.
• Ukufunyanwa kunye noomatshini: Umahluko ekuqulunqweni kuchaphazela indlela ezinokuthi zinqunywe ngokulula, yenziwe, kwaye welding.

Ukwenza ukhetho olungafanelekanga kunokukhokelela ekungaphumleni kwangaphambili kwezinto, Ukunyuka kweendleko zokulungisa, Ingozi yokhuseleko, okanye imveliso ebiyibizayo.

Ngoko ke, Ukuqonda okucokisekileyo kwe-carbon yentsimbi vs i-stainess yensimbi yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni izinto ezibonakalayo kwazo nasiphi na isicelo esinikiweyo, Ukusuka kwi-cutlery yemihla ngemihla kunye neebhulethi zokwakha ukuya kwi-Eerospace Aerospace Eerospace.

2. Iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko kunye noCwangciso

Ukuthelekisa ngokufanelekileyo I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile, Kufuneka siqale ngokuqonda ngokucacileyo oko kuchazwa ngumxholo ngamnye, iingoma zazo ezisisiseko, kunye nokuhlelwa kwazo okokuqala.

2.1 Intsimbi yeCarbon

Uninzi lujonga i-carbon yentsimbi yesona sixhobo sobunjineli senjini esisetyenzisiweyo kuba sinika iipropathi ezigqwesileyo kwixabiso eliphantsi.

Ukuchaneka kwayo kukuthembela kwayo kwikhabhoni njengoko inqununuating yabenza ukuba ichaphazele izinto.

Ingcaciso:

I-carbon stiel yi-alloy yentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni, apho i-carbon yeyona nto iphambili kwisabelo-mali esiphambili esiphucula amandla kunye nobunzima bentsimbi ecocekileyo. Ezinye izinto zolwabiwo zihlala zikhona kwixabiso elincinci, Rhoqo njengentsalela kwinkqubo yentsimbi okanye yongezwa ngabom kwimali encinci yokuphucula iipropathi, Kodwa abatshintshanga kakhulu uphawu lwayo olusisiseko njengensimbi yekhabhoni.

Ukuqamba:

I-American Iron kunye neSoel (AISI) Chaza i-carbon yentsimbi njengentsimbi apho:

1. Imigangatho ayifuni umxholo osezantsi we-chromium, icobalt, I-Columbium (niobium), molybdenum, nickel, titanium, i-tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, okanye nayiphi na into eyongeziweyo yefuthe elithile.
2. Ubuncinci obuqiqileyo ukuba ubhedu alugqithi 0.40 pesenti.
3. Okanye owona mxholo uphezulu ochazwe kuyo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo engadluli kwipesenti eqatshelweyo: manganese 1.65, isilicon 0.60, ubhedu 0.60.

Into ephambili ikhabhoni (C), Ngomxholo oqhelekileyo osusela kwi-trace iphakama ukuya kuthi ga 2.11% ngobunzima.

Ngaphandle kwalo mxholo we-carbon, I-alloy ihlelwe ngokubanzi njengoko i-iron yentsimbi.

• IManganese (Mnu): Ihlala inikezela 1.65%. Inegalelo kumandla kunye nobunzima, isebenza njengeDeoxizer kunye ne-disfurfurmizer, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza okushushu.
• Isilicon (Kwaye): Ngokwesiqhelo ukuya 0.60%. Isebenza njenge-deoxizer kwaye inyuke kancinci amandla.
• Isulfure (S) kunye ne-phosphorus (P): Oku kugqalwa ngokubanzi kukungcola. I-Sulfuur inokubangela ukuba brittlettersty kubushushu obuphezulu (Ukufutshane okushushu), Ngelixa i-phosphorus inokubangela ukuba brittlety kubushushu obuphantsi (Ukufutshane okubandayo). Amanqanaba abo ahlala egcinwe (umz., <0.05%).

Iintlobo zensimbi yekhabhoni:

I-carbon steels ikhutshelwe ngokubhekisele kumxholo wekhabhoni, Njengoko le inempembelelo ebaluleke kakhulu kwiipropathi zabo zoomatshini:

1. Intsimbi yeCarbon ephantsi (Intsimbi ephakathi):
   • Umxholo weCarbon: Ngokwesiqhelo iqulethe kuyo 0.25% - 0.30% ikhabhoni (umz., AISI 1005 ukuya 1025).
   • Iipropati: Ithambile, iductile, kwaye ngokulula idityanisiwe, yenziwe, kwaye welding. Amandla e-tensile asezantsi athelekiswa nekharbon ephezulu. Ubuncinci bohlobo olubizayo.
   • ULWAZI LWE: Ubukhulu becala i-ferrite ye-pearlite.
   • Usetyenziso: Iiphaneli zomzimba weemoto, iimilo zesakhiwo (I-imiqadi, imijelo), imibhobho, izinto zokwakha, Iitoti zokutya, kunye nomsebenzi wesinyithi ngokubanzi.
2. Medium-Carbon Steel:
   • Umxholo weCarbon: Ngokwesiqhelo ukusuka kwi 0.25% - 0.30% ukuya 0.55% - 0.60% ikhabhoni (umz., AISI 1030 ukuya 1055).
   • Iipropati: Inika ibhalansi elungileyo yamandla, ubulukhuni, ubunzima, kunye ne-ducity. Ukuphendula kunyango lobushushu (ukucima kunye nokufudumala) ukuphucula ukhulisa iipropathi zoomatshini. Kunzima ukwenziwa, weld, kwaye unqunyulwe kunensimbi ye-carbon.
   • ULWAZI LWE: Ukwanda kwe-Pearlite ethelekiswa nentsimbi ephantsi ye-carbon.
   • Usetyenziso: Iigiya, iishafu, iiasi, ii-crankshafts, ukudibanisa, Iitreyiti zikaloliwe, Amalungu omatshini, kunye nezinto ezifuna amandla aphezulu kwaye zinxibe ukunganyangeki.
3. Intsimbi yeCarbon ephezulu (Isixhobo se-carbon sensi):
   • Umxholo weCarbon: Ngokwesiqhelo ukusuka kwi 0.55% - 0.60% ukuya 1.00% - 1.50% ikhabhoni (umz., AISI 1060 ukuya 1095). Olunye uKhuphiswano lunokwandisa oku kwi ~ 2.1%.
   • Iipropati: Kakhulu kakhulu, yomelele, kwaye inolwazi lokunxiba okuhle emva konyango lobushushu. Nangona kunjalo, Ingaphantsi kwe-ductile kunye ne-touggr (ngakumbi ibrittle) ngaphezulu kwe-carbon esezantsi. Kunzima kakhulu ukuzama kunye nomatshini.
   • ULWAZI LWE: I-Prearlitely Pearlite kunye neCeacelite.
   • Usetyenziso: Izixhobo zokusika (chisels, ukuqhuba), imithombo, Iingcingo ezinkulu ezinamandla, I-puncheches, uyafa, kunye nokusetyenziswa apho ubunzima obukhulu kwaye banxibe ukunganyangeki ziimfuno eziphambili.
4. Intsimbi ye-ultra-right:
   • Umxholo weCarbon: Ngokumalunga 1.25% ukuya 2.0% ikhabhoni.
   • Iipropati: Inokubekwa kumngcipheko omkhulu. Isetyenziselwe ikhethekileyo, Iinjongo zemizi-mveliso njengamaqhina, iiasi, okanye i-punch.

Olu hlaselo olusekwe kumxholo wekhabhoni lubalulekile ekuqondeni i I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile uthelekiso, Njengoko ibeka iipropathi zesiseko ze-carbon stews.

2.2 Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo

Intsimbi engenasitayile ibonakale kwii-carbon ezininzi ze-carbon ngenxa yokungaxhathisi.

Olu phawu luvela kubume bayo bokwabelana ngokuthile.

Ingcaciso:

Intsimbi engenasitali yi-alloy yentsimbi equlethe ubuncinci 10.5% ichromium (Cr) ngobunzima.

I-chromium yenza i-pass, Ukuzilungisa i-oxide theide kumphezulu wensimbi, ukuyikhusela kwi-corosion kunye ne-staineng.

Ngumxholo we-chromium ohlulahlula intsimbi engenasimo ukusuka kwezinye izinyuko.

Ukuqamba:

Ngaphandle kwentsimbi kunye ne-chromium echazayo, izistim ezingenazimpawu zinokuqulatha ezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo zokwabelana ngokwahlukeneyo zokuphucula iipropathi ezithile njengokwenziwe, amandla, Ukunganyangeki kwe-composion kwiindawo ezithile.

• Chromium (Cr): Into ebalulekileyo, ubuncinci 10.5%. Umxholo weChromium oPhezulu uphucula ukumelana nokunganyangeki.
• Nickel (Kwi): Ihlala yongezwa ukuze uzinze ubume buka-Austititic (Jonga iindidi ezingezantsi), ephucula ixesha, ubunzima, kunye nokuweldability. Kukwandisa ukunganyangeki kwe-scodion kwiindawo ezithile.
• Molybdenum (Mo): Iphucula ukumelana nokuthambeka kunye ne-Crevice Sorrosion, ikakhulu kwi-chloride enemimandla (Njengamanzi olwandle). Yonyusa amandla kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo.
• IManganese (Mnu): Inokusetyenziswa njenge-austerite stibizer (Ukuyifaka indawo ye-nickel kumanqanaba amanye amabakala) kwaye iphucula amandla kunye nokusebenza okushushu.
• Isilicon (Kwaye): Izenzo njengeDeoxizer kwaye iphucule ukuxhathisa kwi-oxidation kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.
• Ikhabhoni (C): Zikhoyo kwizitya ezingenasimo, Kodwa umxholo wayo uhlala ulawulwa ngenyameko. Kumabakala aMaurotitic kunye neFerricuric, Ikharbon esezantsi ikhethe ngokubanzi ukukhusela imvakalelo (I-chromium ye-carbide, Ukunciphisa ukunganyangeki). Kumabanga aMadunaritic, Ikharbon ephezulu iyafuneka ngobulukhuni.
• Nitrogen (N): Yonyusa amandla kunye nokwenza ukunganyangeki, kwaye uzinze ubume be-Austitic.
• Ezinye izinto: I-Titanium (Kwe), I-Niobium (Nb), Ubhedu (Cu), Isulfure (S) (Ukuphuculwa okuphuculweyo kwamabakala amanye amabakala), ISenium (Nge), Aluminiyam (Al), njl., yongezwa ngeenjongo ezithile.

Iindidi zensimbi engenanto:

Izistim ezingenantsingiselo zihlelwe ngokusisiseko ngokusekelwe kulwakhiwo lwabo lwe-metselljelical, ezigqitywe kukwenziwa kweekhemikhali zazo (ngakumbi iChromium, nickel, kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni):

I-Austetitic Staiels:

Phezulu kwiChromium kunye ne-nickel, Ukuhambisa ukunganyangeki, ukubumbeka, kunye nokuweldability.

Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kulungiso lokutya, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo. Ayiluki ngqaqwabalala ngonyango lobushushu.

I-Ferrictic stails:

Iqulethe i-chromium ephezulu okanye i-nickel. Ixabiso elingakumbi, kazibuthe, kunye nokunganyangeki.

Ngokwesiqhelo isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokuphelisa iimoto kunye nezixhobo zekhaya. Hayi ubushushu obunokuba nefreni.

I-Martiaticic Stails:

Umxholo wekhabhoni ephezulu uvumela ukuba lukhuni ngonyango lobushushu. Yaziwa ngokuba nzima kunye namandla amakhulu.

Isetyenziswe kwiitsheki, iivalve, kunye neenxalenye zoomatshini.

I-Depex Stails:

Hlanganisa izakhiwo ze-austeritic kunye nefristic, Ukubonelela ngamandla aphezulu kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion.

Ilungele indawo efuna ukuba i-marine, ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, kunye neenkqubo zokulinganisa.

Ukuchama-Ukusebenza (PH) Iintsimbi zentsimbi:

Inokufikelela kumandla aphezulu kakhulu ngonyango lobushushu ngelixa igcina ukunganyangeki kakuhle.

Ixhaphakile kwi-aerospace kunye nenxalenye ephezulu yamandla.

Ukuqonda olu hlazo olusisiseko lubalulekile ekufundeni i-nues kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile uthelekiso.

Ubukho obungenani 10.5% I-Chromium kwintsimbi engenasitali lilitye lesibini lokuchaza isimilo: ukumelana nomhlwa.

3. Uhlalutyo lomehluko wentsebenzo oyintloko: Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel

Isigqibo sokusebenzisa I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile ihlala ixhonywa xa kuthelekiswa neempawu zazo zentsebenzo.

Ngelixa zombini zinezabelo zentsimbi, Iingoma zazo ezahlukeneyo zikhokelela kumahluko obalulekileyo kwindlela abaziphatha ngayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.

3.1 Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa

Oku kukuphikisana ngoyena mahluko ubalulekileyo nowaziwa kakuhle kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile mpikiswano.

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

I-carbon stiel inengxaki yokunganyangeki.

Xa ityhilwe ukufuma kunye neoksijini, I-iron kwi-carbon yentsimbi ngokulula ye-oxidid ukwenza i-iron oxide, yaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-rust.

Le fazwe ye-rust iqhele i-porous kunye neflakiy, Ukunikezela kungakhuselekanga kwintsimbi yentsimbi, Ukuvumela i-corrosion ukuze uqhubeke, inokubangela ukungaphumeleli.

Ixabiso le-corrosion lixhomekeke kwimiba yendalo esingqongileyo efana nokufuma, ubushushu, ubukho beetyiwa (umz., kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni okanye ii-de-icingts), kunye nengcoliseko (umz., I-SULFUR Complets).

Ukuthintela okanye ukuthoba i-colosion, I-carbon steel phantse ihlala ifuna ukuthuthuza okhuselayo (umz., ipeyinti, i-galvaning, ukubeka) okanye enye amanyathelo olawulo lokungasebenzi (umz., Ukukhuselwa kwe-cathodic).

 

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo, Ngenxa yobuncinci bayo 10.5% Umxholo weChromium, bonisa ukunganyangeki kwe-corrosion.

I-chromium iphendula ngeoksijini kwindalo esingqongileyo ukwenza ukuba uthambile kakhulu, ticking, elubala, kunye nokulungisa i-subive ye-chromium oxide (Cr₂o₃) phezu komhlaba.

Lo mahluko wexesha osebenza njengomqobo, Ukuthintela i-oxidation enye kunye nokususwa kwentsimbi yentsimbi.

Ukuba umphezulu ukhubeke okanye ukonakalisiwe, I-Chromium iphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde ijonge ngeoksijini ukuze iguqule lo mboleko wokukhusela, I-phenomenon ihlala ibizwa ngokuba "kukuzithanda."

Inqanaba lokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion kwintsimbi engenasitali iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubume obuthile:

• Umxholo weChromium oPhezulu uphucula ukumelana nokunganyangeki.
• I-Nickel yandisa ukunganyangeki ngokubanzi nokuxhathisa kwii-acids ezithile.
• I-MolybDenum iphucula kakhulu ukumelana nokuthambisa kunye ne-crevice yoriso, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezityebileyo zekloridi.

I-Austetitic Staiels (njenge 304 kwaye 316) Ngokubanzi inikezela ngeyona nto ilunge kakhulu yokunganyangeki.

Amabakala e-Ferricuric nabo banika ukuxhathisa okuhle, Ngelixa amabanga aMaduniticic, ngenxa yomxholo wekhabhoni ephezulu kunye nowahlukileyo, ziqhelekile kancinci i-corrosion enganyangekiyo kune-austititics okanye i-ferricus kunye nenqanaba leChromium elifanayo.

I-Deplex Stails inika ukumelana ngokugqwesileyo kwiindlela ezithile ze-corrosion njengokuqhekeka koxinzelelo.

Isishwankathelo sokuxhathisa: Kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile uthelekiso, Intsimbi engenasitali ngumthombo ophumeleleyo wokungakhathali kwendalo.

3.2 Ubunzima kwaye banxibe ukumelana

Ubunzima yinto yokungaxhathisi bezinto zeplastiki zeplastiki, njengokuyila okanye ukukrwada.

Ukunxiba ukunganyangeki kukukwazi ukuxhathisa umonakalo kunye nokulahleka kwezinto ngenxa yengqumbo, ukuqhawuka, okanye ukhukuliseko.

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

Ubunzima kwaye banxibe ukuxhathisa i-carbon yentsimbi ngokuyintloko kugqitywa ngumxholo wekhabhoni kunye nonyango lobushushu.

• I-carbon ye-carbon ithambile kwaye icocekile.
• I-carbon ye-carbon inokuthi ifumane ubunzima obukhulu kwaye banxibe ukumelana, ngakumbi emva kokunyanga ubushushu.
• I-right-carbon stiels inokubanjwa ngobushushu (icinyiwe kwaye inomsindo) Ukufezekisa amanqanaba aphezulu obunzima kunye nokunxiba okungalunganga, Benza balungele izixhobo zokusika kwaye banxibe iinxalenye. Ubukho beecarbides (njenge-carbide yentsimbi, Fe₃c okanye i-cememece) Kwimveliso ye-Microstenes.

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

Ubunzima kwaye banxibe ukumelana nentsimbi engenasitali bahluka kakhulu phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo:

• I-Austetitic Staiels (umz., 304, 316) zithambile ngemeko yazo ye-wancy kodwa zinokuba lukhuni kakhulu ngokusebenza (I-Surin ihle). Ngokuqhelekileyo bachitha ngokulinganayo kodwa banokubandezeleka ngenxa ye-gall (Uhlobo lokunxiba olubangelwa kukunamathela phakathi kwendawo yokutyibilika) phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu ngaphandle kwe-qubrication.
• I-Ferrictic Stals Stails inothambile kwaye ayisebenzi kakuhle kunyango lobushushu. Ukunganyangekala kwabo kungokuphakathi.
• I-Martiaticic Stails (umz., 410, 420, 440C) zenziwe ngokukodwa ukuba zilukhuni ngonyango lobushushu. Banokufezekisa amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu (Ukuthelekiswa okanye nkqu ngaphezulu kweekhabhoni eziphezulu) kunye nokubonisa ukunyangwa okuhle, ngakumbi amabakala ane-carbon ephezulu kunye neChromium eyenza i-chromium ye-chromium ye-chromium.
• I-Deplex Stails ingenamandla ngokubanzi ibe nobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokunxiba okungcono kunamabanga aphezulu e-austentitic ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu.
• Ukuchama-Ukusebenza (PH) izistim ezingenantsingiselo zinokufikelela nobunzima obukhulu kakhulu kunye nokunganyangeki okuhle emva konyango olufanelekileyo lokwaluphala.

Isishwankathelo sobunzima kwaye sinxibe ukunganyangeki:

Xa uthelekisa I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Kwezi propati:

• I-SUFT-SECH-SPEON SPEESS kunye ne-SURTAL SETY NOBUCHULE AMAZWE AMAZWI ZOKWENZA I-STINESS STOPE ZESIBINI ZOBUCHULE BOKUGQIBELA NOBUCHULE.
• I-Austeritic kunye ne-Ferricric Stails zithambile kwaye zithambekele kwaye zinokuhlala ziphantsi kune-krobon stebon stels okanye i-martiaticic, Ngaphandle kokuba kubanda kakhulu (i-austeritic).

3.3 Ubunzima kunye nokuxhathisa kwempembelelo

Ubunzima yinto yokufumana amandla okufumana amandla kunye nokusebenza kweplastikhi ngaphambi kokuqhekezwa. Ukumelana kwempembelelo kubhekiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwinqanaba lokuthintela ngequbuliso, Ukulayisha kwexabiso eliphezulu (Impembelelo).

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

Ubunzima bensimbi yekharbon bunxulumene nomxholo wekhabhoni kunye nobunzima.

• I-carbon ye-carbon inzima kakhulu kwaye i-ductile, Ukubonakalisa ukungavisisani kwempembelelo entle, ngakumbi kwigumbi kunye namaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo. Nangona kunjalo, Banokutyhefu kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu (Iqondo lokushisa le-ductile-to-Brittle Transletle, I-DBT).
• I-carbon-carbon stills inika ibhalansi efanelekileyo yamandla kunye nobunzima.
• I-right-carbon stels, ingakumbi xa ilukhuni, yiba negadeni esezantsi kwaye ingaba brittle, Intsingiselo yokuba banokungakhathali kwempembelelo esezantsi.

Unyango lobushushu (njengokuhenda emva kokucinywa) kubalulekile ukuba inyanzelise ubunzima beenqanawa eziphakathi nephezulu.

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

Ubunzima buhluka kakhulu nohlobo lwentsimbi engenasitali:

• I-Austetitic Staiels (umz., 304, 316) bonisa ubunzima obuhle kunye nokunganyangeki kwempembelelo, Nokuba ezantsi kubushushu be-Filyogesic. Abahlali babonisa i-ductile-to-brottle yokutshintsha. Oku kubangela ukuba balungele ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphantsi.
• I-Ferrictic Stain Staiels ngokubanzi inekratshi eliphantsi kune-austititics, ngakumbi kumacandelo amakhulu okanye amaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Banokubonakalisa i-DBTT. Amanye amabakala aqhelene "ne-475 ° C emvula" emva kokuvezwa kwexesha elide kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi.
• I-Martiaticic Stails, Xa ilukhuni kumanqanaba aphezulu, hlalani ukuba nobuncinci obusezantsi kwaye kunokuba yi-brittle ukuba ayikho ngokufanelekileyo. Ukutshutshiswa kukuphucula ubunzima kodwa rhoqo ngenkcitho yobunzima.
• I-Depex Stails ibonelela ngobuchule obulungileyo, ihlala ingaphezulu kwamabakala e-Ferritic kwaye ilunge ngakumbi kunamabanga aMayeza kumanqanaba amandla alinganayo, Nangona yayingesosiqhelo njengamaBakala Austeritic kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi.
• Iziqwenga ze-stain ezingenazibala zinokufumana ubunzima obuhle kunye namandla aphezulu, Kuxhomekeke kunyango oluthile lokwaluphala.

ISISHWANKATHELO SOKUGCINWA NOKUGQIBELA:

Kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile umxholo:

• I-Austetitic Stains Staiels inikezela ngeyona nto idibeneyo yobunzima kunye nokunganyangeki kwempembelelo, ngakumbi amaqondo obushushu asezantsi.
• I-carbon ye-carbon inzima kakhulu kodwa inokulinganiselwa yi-DBTT.
• I-Specil-carbon stebon kunye ne-Feght Stebonsititicic Staiels Staiels zithanda ukuba nekratshi elincinci.

3.4 Amandla e-thensle kunye ne-Elongwation

Tensile strength (Ukomelela kokugqibela kokuqina, UTS) Olona xinzelelo luphezulu umbandela unokumelana ngelixa usoluliwe okanye utsaliwe ngaphambi kokuhamba.

I-Elongition ngumlinganiso wexesha lokulinganisa, imele ukuba yimalini enokuthi ichaphazeleke kangakanani na ngaphambi kokuqhekeka.

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

• Tensile strength: Ukunyuka komxholo wekhabhoni kunye nonyango lobushushu (Kwizini eziphakathi kunye ne-subbon stebon).
  • Intsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi: ~ 400-550 MPA (58-80 ksi)
  • Intsimbi ye-carbon (wanqwala): ~ 550-700 MPA (80-102 ksi); (ukuphathwa ngobushushu): Ingaphezulu kakhulu, ixhomekeke ku 1000+ MPa.
  • Intsimbi ephezulu ye-carbon (ukuphathwa ngobushushu): Ingadlula 1500-2000 MPa (217-290 ksi) Amabanga athile kunye nonyango.
• Ukwandisa: Ngokubanzi incipha njengomxholo wekhabhoni kunye namandla anyukayo. I-carbon ye-carbon ye-hucbon (umz., 25-30% i-elongwation), Ngelixa i-harbon ephezulu ye-carbon inezinto eziphantsi kakhulu (<10%).

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

• Tensile strength:
  • I-Austenitic (umz., 304 wanqwala): ~ 515-60 MPA (75-90 ksi). Inganyuswa kakhulu ngokusebenza kubanda (umz., ngaphezulu 1000 MPa).
  • I-Ferritic (umz., 430 wanqwala): ~ 450-20 MPA (65-75 ksi).
  • IMartensitic (umz., 410 ukuphathwa ngobushushu): Ingathi ukusuka kwi-~ 500 MPA ukuya ngaphezulu 1300 MPa (73-190 ksi) Kuxhomekeke kunyango lobushushu. 440C inokuba phezulu nangaphezulu.
  • I-Duplex (umz., 2205): ~ 620-800 MPA (90-116 ksi) okanye ngaphezulu.
  • Ph steels (umz., 17-4I-PHRUF-PHUNA): Inokufikelela kumandla aphezulu kakhulu, umz., 930-1310 MPa (135-190 ksi).
• Ukwandisa:
  • I-Austenitic: I-Elongations egqwesileyo kwiNtengiso (umz., 40-60%), Iyancipha ngomsebenzi obandayo.
  • I-Ferritic: I-elongwation ephakathi (umz., 20-30%).
  • IMartensitic: I-Elongwation esezantsi, ingakumbi xa ilukhuni kumanqanaba aphezulu (umz., 10-20%).
  • I-Duplex: I-Elongwation elungileyo (umz., 25% okanye ngaphezulu).

ISISHWANKATHELO SOKUGQIBELA WOKUGQIBELA:

I I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile uthelekiso lubonisa uluhlu olubanzi kubo bobabini:

• Zombini zonke zinokufezekisa amandla aphezulu e-thensile ngonyango olushushu kunye nobushushu (I-Supbon ephezulu kunye ne-stebon steels kunye ne-martiaticic / i-ph engaqhelekanga).
• I-carbon ye-carbon kunye ne-Ausneitic Austitic Stails Staiels inikezela ngohlobo olufanelekileyo (i-elongwation).
• Iinguqulelo ezinkulu eziphezulu zazo zombini zithambekele ukuba ne-teccity esezantsi.

3.5 Inkangeleko kunye nonyango lomphezulu

I-Aesthetics kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu zihlala zibalulekile, ngakumbi iimveliso zabathengi okanye izicelo zoyilo.

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

I-carbon steel eqhelekileyo inesidenge, Inkangeleko ye-Matte kwiLizwe layo eluhlaza. Ithambekele kwi-oxidation ephezulu (rhabaxa) Ukuba ishiywe ingakhuselekanga, I-Okubi ayifuneki kwezicelo ezininzi.
Unyango: Ukuphucula imbonakalo kwaye unike ukhuseleko lwe-corosion, I-Carbon Steel iphantse yaphathwa. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:

• Ukupeyinta: Uluhlu olubanzi lwemibala kunye nokugqitywa.
• Powder Coating: Ukugqiba kwaye kugqityiwe.
• Ukugalela: Ukudibana ne-zinc yokukhusela i-corrosion (Iziphumo kwi-spangd okanye imbonakalo ye-matte).
• Ukubeka: Ukudibana nezinye izinyithi ezinje ngeChromium (I-chloting chrome), nickel, okanye i-cadmium yenkangeleko kunye nokukhuselwa.
• Bling okanye umnyama ophazamisayo: Ukuguqulwa kwemichiza yokuguqula iikhemikhali ezibonelela ngokuchaseneyo nokunganyangeki, ihlala isetyenziselwa izixhobo kunye nemipu.

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

Intsimbi engenalo i-staine idume ngokubonakalayo, iqaqambile, kwaye imbonakalo yale mihla. I-chromium ye-chromium ye-oxide ibalasekile, Ukuvumela i-metric luster yokubonisa.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu: Intsimbi engenasitali inokubonelelwa ngeentlobo zeentlobo zemiyoqo okanye igqitywe ukufezekisa iziphumo zobuhle:

• Miga gqiba (umz., Hayi. 1, 2B, 2D): Yahluka kwi-Dull ukuba ibonakale ngokulinganayo. 2I-B yinjongo eqhelekileyo efikayo.
• Igqityiwe (umz., Hayi. 4, Hayi. 8 Isibuko): Ingaqala ukusuka kwi-satin egcweleyo ye-satin (Hayi. 4) ukuya kwisipili esibonisa kakhulu (Hayi. 8). Ezi zifezekiswa yi-abrasion yoomatshini.
• Ukulungisa okubhaliweyo: Iipateni zinokupheliswa okanye ziqengqelwe kumphezulu wokuhombisa okanye ukusebenza kakuhle (umz., Ukuphuculwa kwe-grip, inciphile i-glare).
• Intsimbi enemibala engenabala: Ifezekisiwe ngekhemikhali okanye iinkqubo ze-elektroniki ezitshintsha ubukhulu becala lokuhamba, Ukwenza imibala yokuphazamisa, okanye nge-pvd (I-Vapor ye-Vapor yomzimba) iingubo.

Intsimbi engaqhelekanga ngokubanzi ayifuni ukupeyinta okanye ukuthutha ukukhusela i-corrosion, enokuba yinto ebalulekileyo yexesha elide. Ukugqitywa kwendalo kuhlala kuyinto ephambili yokhetho lwayo.

Isishwankathelo senkangeleko kunye nonyango lomphezulu:

Kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Thelekisa inkangeleko:

• Intsimbi engenanto inika indalo yendalo kunye nokunganyangeki okunganyangekiyo okunokuphuculwa ngakumbi.
• I-carbon stiel ifuna unyango lwe-aesthetics kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-corosion.

4. UTSHINTSHO LWEZOBUCHULE: Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel (Ubunzulu)

Umahluko ekuxhathisweni kwe-corrosion yinto ebalulekileyo kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Isigqibo sibeka uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha ngakumbi.

4.1 Indlela ye-corrosion esisiseko

I-corrosion yintshabalalo yokutshata kwezinto (Ngokwesiqhelo izinyithi) ngekhemikhali okanye ngempendulo ye-elektroniki.

Kwizabelo zentsimbi njengentsimbi, Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ilahlekile.

• I-Corrosion yentsimbi yekhabhoni (Rhabaxa):
  Xa intsimbi yekharbon ivezwe kwindalo equlethe ioksijini kunye nokufuma (nkqu nokufuma emoyeni), Iseli ye-electrochemical yenziwa kumphezulu wayo.
  1. Impendulo ye-Anodic: Intsimbi (Fe) I-athom ilahle ii-elektroni (oxidize) ukuba yintsimbi yentsimbi (Fe²⁺):
     Fe → Fe²⁺ + 2e⁻
  2. Ukuphendula kwe-cathodic: Ioksijini (O₂) kunye namanzi (H₂o) Kumphezulu wakwamkela ezi ze-elektroni (ukunciphisa):
     O₂ + 2H₂o + 4E → 4oh⁻ (kwiimeko ezingathathi hlangothi okanye ze-alkaline)
     okanye o₂ + 4H⁺ + 4→ 2h₂o (Kwiimeko ze-acidic)
  3. Ukuqulunqwa kweRust: I-iron ion (Fe²⁺) Emva koko phendula nge-hydroxide ion (Oh⁻) kwaye uqhubeke neoksijini yokwenza ii-oxides ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi, ngokudibeneyo. Ifomu eqhelekileyo yi-floric hydroxide, Fe(Oh)₃, Yeyiphi emva koko ihydradrate ukuya eFe₂o₃ · Nh₂o.
     Fe²⁺ + 2Oh⁻ → fe(Oh)₂ (i-hydroxide)
     4Fe(Oh)₂ + O₂ + 2Qeit → 4F(Oh)₃ (I-Floric hydroxide - rust)
     I-Rught Former eyenziwe kwi-carbon sensi:

• Porous: Ivumela ukufuma kunye neoksijini ukuze ingene kwintsimbi engaphantsi.
• Engafakwanga / i-flakiy: Inokuphazamisa ngokulula, ukuveza intsimbi entsha yokuqhubeka nokusola.
• Xhoma: I-Rust isebenzisa ivolumu enkulu kune-iron yentsusa, enokubangela uxinzelelo kunye nomonakalo kwizakhiwo ezinyanzelekileyo.

Ngaloo ndlela, I-corrosion kwi-carbon yentsimbi yinkqubo yokuzihlaziya ngaphandle kokuba intsimbi ikhuselwe.

4.2 Amanyathelo e-anti-combosion yentsimbi yekhabhoni

Ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka kwayo kwi-corrosion, I-carbon steel phantse ihlala ifuna amanyathelo okhuselo xa esetyenziswa kwimeko yokufuma kunye neoksijini.

Izicwangciso eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

1. I-ProATESS: Ukwenza umqobo phakathi kwentsimbi kunye nendawo ebonakalayo.
   • Iipeyinti kunye ne-organic cartings: Nikeza isithintelo kwaye unokuqulatha i-corrosion inoods. Ifuna ukulungiselela umphezulu ofanelekileyo wokunamathela okufanelekileyo. Phantsi komonakalo kunye nemozulu yemozulu, Ukufuna isicelo kwakhona.
   • I-metrings:
     • Ukugalela: Ukudibana ne-zinc (I-HOT-dip-dip ye-daba okanye i-electrogalvaning). I-Zinc isebenza ngakumbi kunentsimbi, Ke i-corrodes ngokukhethekileyo (ukhuseleko lwedini okanye ukukhuselwa kwe-cathodic) Nokuba i-caideng ikhutshiwe.
     • Ukubeka: Ukudibana kweentsimbi ezinje ngeChromium, nickel, itoti, okanye i-cadmium. Abanye babonelela ngokhuseleko lomqobo, abanye (njenge chrome ngaphezulu kwe-nickel) Nikeza umphezulu wokuhombisa kwaye unxibe umhlaba onganyangekiyo.
   • Ingubo yokuguqula: Unyango lwekhemikhali njenge mpazamo okanye emnyama, edale incinci, Umaleko onamahlakani obonelela ngokuchaseneyo nokunganyangekiyo.
2. Yabela (I-Abling-Abling Steels): Ezongezelelo ezincinci zezinto ezifana nobhedu, ichromium, nickel, kwaye phosphorus inokuphucula kancinci ukumelana nokunganyangeki kwe-themosmossic ngokuqulunqa ungqimba olunamahlathi (umz., "Imozulu yemozulu" njenge-cor-®). Nangona kunjalo, Oku akuthengisi kwizitya ezingenantsingiselo.
3. Ukukhuselwa kwe-cathodic: Ukwenza indawo ye-carbon yensimbi ye-cathode yeseli ye-electrochemical.
   • Indawo yedini: Ukufaka intsimbi esebenzayo ngakumbi (njenge-zinc, imagnesium, okanye i-aluminium) Leyo corrode endaweni yentsimbi.
   • Ichukumisekile yangoku: Ukufaka i-DC yangaphandle yangaphandle ukunyanzela intsimbi ukuba ibe yi-cathode.
     Isetyenziselwa izakhiwo ezinkulu ezinje ngemibhobho, iinqanawa zeenqanawa, kunye neetanki zokugcina.
4. Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo: Ukuguqula indalo esingqongileyo ukwenza ukuba incinci, umz., ukugxothwa, Sebenzisa i-corrosion inhibitors kwiinkqubo ezivaliweyo.

La manyathelo ongeze kwiindleko kunye nobunzima bokusebenzisa i-carbon yentsimbi kodwa zihlala ziyimfuneko ukufezekisa ubomi benkonzo owamkelekileyo.

4.3 Ifilimu "yokuzikhetha" yokuzikhetha kwifilimu yentsimbi engenasimo

Ukwakhiwa:

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo (≥10.5% cr) Iifom zincinci, I-chromium enesidima (Cr₂o₃) ungqimba xa uboniswe kwioksijini (umoya okanye amanzi):
2Cr + 3/2 O₂ → cr₂o₃
Ifilimu eguqukayo yi-1-5 i-1-5 kuphela i-nanometers kwaye ihambelana ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu kwaye ithintela ukuqaqanjelwa.

Iipropathi eziphambili:

• Ukhuseleko lomqobo: Iibhloko zezinto ezivela ekufikeleleni kwentsimbi.
• Izitayile: I-Crūo₃ i-charssists iyahlasela kwiimeko ezininzi.
• Ukuzithanda: Ukuba ukhubeke, Ubukhosi batshintsha kwangoko eoksijini.
• Kucace: Icekeceke kangangokuba i-metallic yensimbi yentsimbi ihlala ibonakala.

Izinto zokuphucula ubugqi:

• Chromium: Ngaphezulu cr = ifilimu eyomeleleyo.
• Molybdenum (Mo): Kuphucula ukumelana kwi-chloride (umz., kwi 316).
• Nickel (Kwi): Ukuzinza i-austedite kunye nokuphucula ukumelana nokuguqula i-acids.
• Indawo ecocekileyo: Mhle, Iindawo ezingenamgangatho ezingenamsebenzi zidlula ngcono.

Ukusibekeka-xa ungqimba olusileleyo:

• I-chloride hlasela: Kukhokelela ekuthambekeni nasekucutha i-crevice.
• Ukunciphisa i-acids: Inokuchitha ungqimba lonyango.
• Ukunqongophala kweoksijini: Akukhooksijini = akukho dluliselo.
• Imvakalelo: Unyango olungalunganga lubangela ukupheliswa kweChromium kwimida yengqolowa; incitshisiwe yi-carbon esezantsi okanye yamabakala asetyenzisiweyo (umz., 304L, 316L).

Ukuqukumbela:

Nangona ingabinakho, Ifilimu yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi inika okuphezulu, Ukunganyangeki kolondolozo olusezantsi - Enye yeenzuzo zayo ezinkulu ngaphezulu kwentsimbi yekhabhoni.

5. Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel: Ukulungiswa kunye nokuVeliswa

Umahluko kubume bemichiza kunye nolwakhiwo oluphakathi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile kukhokelela kwimahluko ekuziphatheni kwabo ngexesha lokuqhubekisa kunye nokusebenza kwemisebenzi.

5.1 Ukusika, Ukubumba, kunye ne-welding

Ezi ziinkqubo ezisisiseko zokutsala, kunye nokukhetha uhlobo lwentsimbi kubuyichaphazela kakhulu.

Ukusika:

• Intsimbi yeCarbon:
  • I-carbon ye-carbon ilula ilula ilula ukuyisika usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo: ukucheba, wabona, ukusika iplasma, Ukusika i-oxy-fuel (Ukusika ilangatye), kunye ne-laser cute.
  • I-Speight kunye ne-Supbon Spiels zenze nzima ukusika njengomxholo wekhabhoni unyuka. Ukusika kwe-oxy-fuel kuyasebenza, Kodwa phambi kokuba kufuneka ngamacandelo amakhulu amabakala aphezulu e-carbon ukunqanda ukuqhekeka. Umatshini (wabona, ukugaya) ifuna izixhobo ezinzima zesiza kunye ngesantya esincinci.
• Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:
  • I-Austetitic Staiels (umz., 304, 316) baziwa ngexabiso labo eliphezulu lokusebenza kunye nokuhamba ngempumelelo kwe-thermal xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi ye-carbon. Oku kunokubangela ukuba kube nzima ngakumbi kumatshini (ukusika, bhora, miga). Bafuna izixhobo ezibukhali, Ukuseta i-rigid, isantya esincinci, ukutya okuphezulu, kwaye i-thabring elungileyo / ukupholisa ukukhusela isixhobo kunye nokusebenza nzima. Ukusika iplasma kunye nokusika i-laser kuyasebenza. Azikanqunyulwa ngeendlela ze-oxy-fulli kuba i-chromium oside ithintela i-oxidation ifuneka kwinkqubo.
  • I-Ferrictic Stalls Staiels ilula kakhulu kumatshini kunomatshini ngaphandle kwe-austititics, Ngokuziphatha kufutshane nentsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi, Kodwa inokuba "gummy."
  • I-Martiaticitical Stainess Staiels kwi-ofisi yabo yeNcinci iyakhawuleza, kodwa kunokuba ngumceli mngeni. Kwimeko yabo enzima, Kunzima kakhulu kumatshini kwaye idla ngokufuna ukugaya.
  • I-Deplex Stails inamandla aphezulu kwaye isebenza nzima ngokukhawuleza, Ukwenza kube nzima kakhulu kumatshini kuno-Austititics. Bafuna isixhobo esomeleleyo kunye neeparameter ezifanelekileyo.

Ukubumba (Ukugoba, Umzobo, Isitampu):

• Intsimbi yeCarbon:
  • I-carbon ye-carbon ibonakale kakhulu ngenxa ye-tencility egqwesileyo yawo kunye nesivuno esisezantsi. Banokufumana i-suctor yeplastiki ebalulekileyo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.
  • I-Spium kunye ne-Supbon Stebon iye yancitshiswa. Ukwenza rhoqo kufuna amandla amaninzi, I-bricii enkulu, kwaye kungafuneka kwenziwe ngamaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo okanye kwimo enesidima.
• Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:
  • I-Austenaitic Stails inokwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa ye-tendelity ephezulu kunye ne-elongwation elungileyo, Ngaphandle kotyekelo lwabo lokuSebenza. Umsebenzi owenzakeleyo onokuba luncedo kunokuba luncedo kwimisebenzi ethile njengoko inyusa amandla enxenye yenxalenye. Nangona kunjalo, Ikwathetha imikhosi ephakamileyo yokwakha inokufuneka xa ithelekiswa nensimbi ye-carbon ephantsi, kwaye intwasahlobo inokuthi ibizwe ngakumbi.
  • I-Ferricuric Stains i-staiels ngokubanzi zinokwenziwa kakuhle, ifana okanye incinci ngaphantsi kwentsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi, kodwa banokulinganiselwa yi-vacity yabo esezantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-austititics.
  • I-Martiaticiticic Staiels Stails ingenako, ngakumbi kwimeko enzima. Ukwenza ikhethwe ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-ALT.
  • Ii-Depplex izitayile ezingenasitali zinamandla aphezulu kunye ne-fuccity esezantsi kune-austititics, ukwenza ukuba kube nzima ukwenza. Bafuna amandla aphezulu okwenza kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kwi-birda.

Ukuwelda:

I-fabrication ngokubanzi: Kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile uthelekiso lwexabiso eliqhelekileyo, Intsimbi ephantsi ye-carbon ihlala ilula kwaye ihamba kancinci ukuba isebenze kunye. I-Austetitic Staiels, Ngelixa inokwenzeka kwaye iyabiza, Imiceli mingeni eyahlukileyo efana nokusebenza nzima kwaye ifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezitrato.

5.2 Inkqubo yonyango lobushushu

Unyango lobushushu lubandakanya ukufudumeza okulawulwayo kunye nokupholisa izinyithi ukutshintsha uBuyi-mncinci wabo kwaye kufezekise iipropathi zoomatshini abanqwenelekayo.

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

I-carbon steels, Ngakumbi amabakala aphezulu kunye namabakala aphezulu, ziphendulwe kakhulu kunyango olwahlukeneyo lobushushu:

• Ukuhlaziya: Ukufudumeza nokupholisa ukupholisa ukuthambisa intsimbi, Ukuphucula ixesha kunye noqinile, kwaye inciphise uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
• Ukulungisa: Ukufudumeza ngaphezulu kobushushu obucekeceke kunye nokupholisa umoya ukucoca ubume benkozo kunye nokuphucula ukufana kweepropathi.
• Ukuqina (Ukucima): Ukufudumeza kubushushu obuphazamisayo kwaye emva koko kuphola ngokukhawuleza (ukucima) emanzini, ioli, okanye umoya wokuguqula i-austensite kwi-marteyishini, isigaba esinzima kakhulu kunye ne-bronttle. Kuphela kukuphela komxholo wekhabhoni eyaneleyo (Ngokwesiqhelo >0.3%) ingaba lukhuni kakhulu ngokucima.
• Ukufudumeza: Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona (ilukhuni) Intsimbi kwiqondo lobushushu elingezantsi kuluhlu olubalulekileyo, ukubamba ixesha, kwaye ke ukupholisa. Oku kunciphisa ubuqhetseba, I-Convedss, kwaye iphucula ubunzima, Ngokwesiqhelo kunye nokuncitshiswa kobunzima kunye namandla. Ipropathi yokugqibela ilawulwa liqondo lobushushu.
• Ukuqina kwetyala (Ukucaphukisa, I-nit, njl.): Ukunyuka kobuso obunzima obunzima obuhluphekayo okanye i-nitrogen kumphezulu weendawo zensimbi ye-carbon ukwenza ubunzima, Ityala elingaphandle elinganyangekiyo ngelixa ligcina i-core elinzima.

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

Impendulo yonyango lonyango ziyahluka kakhulu phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi engenasimo:

• I-Austetitic Staiels: Ayinakulukhuni ngonyango lobushushu (ukucima kunye nokufudumala) Kuba isakhiwo sabo sokukhulisa siyazinza.
  • Ukuhlaziya (Isisombululo sibangelwa): Ukufudumeza kubushushu obuphezulu (umz., 1000-1150I-C okanye i-1850-2100 ° F) ilandelwa kukuphola ngokukhawuleza (Ukucinywa kwamanzi ngamacandelo amakhulu) Ukunyibilikisa nayiphi na i-carbided ye-carbided kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ulwakhiwo olupheleleyo lwe-alustitic. Oku kuthambisa umxholo, inciphisa uxinzelelo kubabandayo, kwaye yandisa ukunganyangeki.
  • Ukunciphisa Uxinzelelo: Inokwenziwa kubushushu obuphantsi, Kodwa ukhathalelo luyadingeka ukunqanda imvakalelo kumabakala angenzi-l okanye ongenziweyo.
• I-Ferrictic stails: Ngokubanzi abukhuseleki bunyango lobushushu. Badla ngokuphucula i-decitys kwaye banciphise uxinzelelo. Amanye amabakala anokubandezeleka ngenxa yokwamkela ukuba ibanjelwe kumaqondo athile obushushu.
• I-Martiaticic Stails: Zenziwe ngokukodwa ukuba zilukhuni ngonyango lobushushu. Inkqubo ibandakanya:
  • Ukuphazamiseka: Ukufudumeza kubushushu obuphezulu ukwenza i-austedite.
  • Ukucima: Ukuphola okukhawulezayo (kwioyile okanye umoya, Kuxhomekeka kwibakala) Ukuguqula i-Austedite ukuya kwi-marterite.
  • Ukufudumeza: Ukuhlaziya kubushushu obuthile ukufezekisa ibhalansi oyifunayo, amandla, kunye nobunzima.
• I-Depex Stails: Ngokwesiqhelo kubonelelwe kwisisombululo semozulu kwaye icinyiwe. Unyango olungeyongoku (umz., 1020-1100° C okanye i-1870-2010 ° F) Kubalulekile ekufezekiseni iSigaba seSigaba seSigaba seFertire-Austerite esifanelekileyo kunye nokunyibilikisa naziphi na izigaba ze-intermetallic.
• Ukuchama-Ukusebenza (PH) Iintsimbi zentsimbi: Thatha unyango lwenqanaba elinamanqanaba amabini:
  • Unyango lwesisombululo (Ukuhlaziya): Ifana ne-Austititic Alneng, ukubeka izinto zokubambisa zibe kwisisombululo esiqinileyo.
  • Ukwaluphala (Imvula Ukuqina): Ukuvuselela ubushushu obuphilayo (umz., 480-620° C okanye i-900-1150 ° F) ixesha elithile lokuvumela amathafa amaninzi amanqatha ukuze afumane, Ukonyuka kakhulu amandla kunye nobunzima.

I I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Ukuthelekisa kutyhila ukuba ngelixa uninzi lwekhaloni luxhomekeke kakhulu ekucimeni nasekucingeni iipropathi zabo zokugqibela, Iindlela zokunyanga ubushushu zisondela kwizistim ezingenantsingiselo zihluka ngakumbi, Ilungiselelwe uhlobo lwazo olubonakalayo.

6. Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel: IiNdawo zokuSebenza

Iipropathi ezahlukileyo ze I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Ngokwemvelo babakhokelela ukuba bathandeke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo. Ukukhetha kuqhutywa ziimfuno zomsebenzi, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, Ulindelo longendo, kunye neendleko.

6.1 Iindawo zesicelo sensimbi engenasimo

Ukunganyangeki kwentsimbi yentsimbi engenasitayile-ukunyangeka-kudityaniswa nesibheno se-aesthetic, Iipropathi ze-hygimec, kunye namandla amahle kumaBanga amaninzi, iyenza ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zokucela uncedo:

Ukulungiswa kokutya kunye ne-culinary:

• Izixhobo: Iitanki, vats, imibhobho, abathengi, indawo yokulungiselela kwizityalo zokutya nezifuselayo (Ngokwesiqhelo 304l, 316L ukuba icocekile kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion).
• I-Cookiware kunye ne-cutlery: Iimbiza, Iipani, iimela, iifolokhwe, Iipilisi (AmaBanga ahlukeneyo 304, 410, 420, 440C).
• Izixhobo zekhitshi: Inyibilika, Abathathi-nxaxheba, Iingcango zefriji, ii-onti.

Ezonyango kunye namayeza:

• Izixhobo zokuhlinzwa: I-scalpels, amayeza, i-clamps (Amanqanaba Martiaticic 420, 440C ngenxa yobunzima kunye nokubukhali; ezinye ze-austititics njenge-316l).
• Ukufakwa kwezonyango: Ukutshintshwa kokutshintshwa (hips, amadolo), isikrelem, ukufakelwa kwamazinyo (Ibanga le-bioMMMMATATATE lifana ne-316lvm, I-Titanium iqhelekileyo).
• Izixhobo zamayeza: Iinqanawa, imibhobho, kwaye izinto ezifuna ukucoceka okuphezulu kunye nokuxhathisa kwiiarhente zokucoca.

Amashishini ekhemikhali kunye nepetrochemical:

• Iitanki, Iinqanawa, kunye ne-reactors: Ukugcina kunye nokulungisa imichiza (316L, Ii-Duplex izitho, I-austetitics ephezulu ye-austitics).
• IiNkqubo zemibhobho: Ukuthutha ulwelo oluhlekisayo.
• UTSHINTSHO: Apho kuxhathisa i-corrosion kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-thermal kuyafuneka.

Uyilo kunye noKwakha:

• Ukuvalelwa ngaphandle kwe-quider: Ukuqina kunye nokubhena okhethekileyo (umz., 304, 316).
• Uphahla kunye nokukhanya: Ixesha elide kunye nokunganyangeki.
• Isandla, Balustrades, kunye nokuhlobisa i-trim: Inkangeleko yanamhlanje kunye nolondolozo olusezantsi.
• Amacandelo oLwakhiwo: Kwimeko zoncedo okanye apho amandla aphezulu afunekayo (Ii-Duplex izitho, Amanye amacandelo athile asulelo).
• Ukuqiniswa kwekhonkrithi (Ukuphinda-phinda): I-Stainess yentsimbi yezakhiwo kwiindawo ezikwindawo ebonakalayo kakhulu (umz., Iibhulorho kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni) Ukuthintela ikhonkrithi ngenxa yokwanda kwe-rust.

I-AutoMotive kunye nezothutho:

• Iinkqubo zokuphelisa: I-Catalytic Converter, iimufflers, I-tailpipes (Amabakala e-Ferric afana 409, 439; ezinye ze-austetitics zentsebenzo ephezulu).
• Iitanki ze-Puel kunye nemigca: Ukuchasana nokunganyangeki.
• I-Trim kunye neHlobo.
• Izinto zesakhiwo kwiibhasi kunye nololiwe.

I-Aerospace:

• Izinto ezinkulu eziphezulu: Amalungu enjini, Izinto zegiya zokufika, iziqhoboshi (I-PH ye-stain, amabakala angama-Mattitication).
• I-hydraulic tubing kunye nemigca yamafutha.

Iindawo zaselwandle:

• I-Fikes: Ukuthoba, iintsimbi, Iiprofle, iishafu (316L, I-Depex Steels ukuba ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-chloride).
• I-oyile yeoyile yeoyile kunye neqonga legesi: Ukugoba, amacandelo esakhiwo.

IsiZukulwana saMandla:

• I-Turbine Blades: (Martiaticic kunye namaBanga).
• Ubushushu bokutshintsha, I-pibulang tuing.
• Izixhobo zeSityalo samandla eNyukliya.

Imveliso yePulp kunye nePhepha:

Izixhobo zivezwa kwiikhemikhali ezingenamda.

6.2 Iindawo zesicelo sensimbi yekhabhoni

I-carbon yensimbi, Ngenxa yepropathi yayo elungileyo, Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kunyango lobushushu, ukwenziwa okuhle (kumabakala e-carbon), Iindleko eziphantsi kakhulu, Ihlala isokola kwinani lezinto ezininzi kwezicelo apho ukunganyangeki kwe-corrosion olona luxanduva luphambili okanye apho kungakhuselwa khona ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukwakhiwa kunye nezixhobo:

• Iimilo zesakhiwo: I-imiqadi, H-Beams, imijelo, Ii-angles zokwakha izakhelo, iibhulorho, kunye nezinye izinto (Ngokwesiqhelo iphantsi ukuya kwi-carbon ye-carbon).
• Ukuqinisa imivalo (Ukuphinda-phinda): Kwizakhiwo zekhonkrithi (Nangona i-stainess isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobunzima).
• Ukugoba: Emanzini, igesi, kunye nokuhambisa ioyile (umz., I-API 5L yamabakala).
• Iphepha lokucheba kunye neefayile zesiseko.
• Uphahla kunye nokugcina (Ihlala idityaniswe): I-Galvaniated okanye ipeyinti yentsimbi yensimbi.

Ushishino lweemoto:

• Imizimba yemoto kunye ne-chassis: Iipaneli ezinesitampu, izakhelo (Amabakala ohlukeneyo e-carbon ye-carbon, kubandakanya amandla aphezulu-of-alfay (Hsla) iziqwenga zodidi lwe-carbon yentsimbi ene-microalloloto).
• Izinto ze-injini: Crankshafts, iintonga zokudibanisa, iicamshafts (I-carbon-carbon, amanqatha).
• Iigiya kunye ne-shaftts: (Iphakathi ukuya kwikhabhoni ephezulu, Rhoqo amagqabi-ilukhuni okanye aqhekezwe).
• Izilonda: Iibhloko, amandongomane, izikrufu.

Oomatshini kunye neZixhobo:

• Iifreyimu zomatshini kunye neziseko.
• Iigiya, Shafts, Ukudibanisa, Iibheringi (idla ngokuba yi-carbon ekhethekileyo okanye i-alloy steels).
• Izixhobo: Izixhobo zezandla (izando, I-Wrenches-I-Corbon-ribon), izixhobo zokusika (ukuqhuba, I-chiisels - ikharbon ephezulu).
• Izixhobo zezolimo: Imilo, iihara, amacandelo esakhiwo.

Icandelo lezaMandla:

• Imibhobho: Ngeoyile yeoyile kunye negesi (Njengoko kuchaziwe).
• Iitanki zokugcina: Yeoyile, igesi, kunye namanzi (ihlala ineengubo zangaphakathi okanye ukukhuselwa kwe-cathodic).
• Drill imibhobho kunye ne-clings.

Ukuhamba kukaloliwe:

• Iitreyiti zikaloliwe (Iziporo): Ikhabhoni ephezulu, Intsimbi enganyangekiyo.
• Amavili kunye nee-axles.
• Imizimba yemoto ye-preight.

Ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa (Izakhiwo ze-hull):

• Ngelixa i-stainess isetyenziselwa ukulunga, Ezona zinto ziphambili ze-huller ze-rods ezinkulu zentengiso zenziwe ukusuka kwi-carbon sensi (amabakala ohlukeneyo ensimbi ye-marine efana nebanga a, Ah36, D36) Ngenxa yeendleko kunye nokungabinakho, Ngeenkqubo zoKhuselo oluBanzi loKhuseleko.

Izixhobo zokuvelisa kwaye zifa:

• I-right-carbon stels (Isixhobo se-steels, enokubonakala icacile i-carbon okanye yabelwa) zisetyenziselwa ukubetha, uyafa, ukungunda, kunye nokusika izixhobo ngenxa yokwazi kwabo ukuba nelukhuni kumanqanaba aphezulu.

I I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Uthelekiso lwesicelo lubonisa ukuba intsimbi yekharbon ilawula apho iindleko namandla zizinto eziphambili kwaye i-corosion inokulawulwa, ngelixa yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo I-Gxibelelayo apho kuxhaphake khona, i-hygiene, okanye ubuhle obuthile / iipropathi ezinobushushu eziphezulu zibalulekile.

7. Uhlalutyo lweendleko kunye noqoqosho: Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel

Inkalo yezoqoqosho yinto enkulu kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo. Oku kubandakanya kungekuphela indleko zokuqala zexabiso kodwa iqhubekile, ukugcinwa, kunye neendleko zobomi.

7.1 Thelekisa iindleko zezinto ezinqabileyo

Intsimbi yeCarbon:

Ngokubanzi, I-carbon stiel inezantsi kakhulu Ixabiso lokuthenga lokuqala ubunzima beyunithi nganye (umz., ngepawundi nganye okanye ngekhilogrem nganye) xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi engenanto. Ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokuba:

• Izinto ezininzi zobukhulu: Intsimbi kunye nekhabhoni zifumaneka ngokulula kwaye azibizi kakhulu.
• Ilula: Ayifuni izinto ezinqabileyo ezifana ne-chromium, nickel, okanye i-molybdenum ngesixa esikhulu.
• Iinkqubo zemveliso ezivuthiweyo: Ukuveliswa kwensimbi yekharbon kuyinto efanelekileyo kwaye yenkqubo enkulu.

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:

Intsimbi engenalo i-staines yindawo ebiyelwe ngentswela engaphezulu:

• Ixabiso lezinto zokwabelana: Abaqhubi beendleko eziphambili ziziseko zolwabiwo ezibonelela "zepropathi" engenanto ":
  • Chromium (Cr): Ubuncinci 10.5%, ihlala iphezulu kakhulu.
  • Nickel (Kwi): Icandelo elibalulekileyo kumabakala aMausticoIC (njenge 304, 316), kwaye i-nickel yintsimbi ebiza intsimbi ebiza amaxabiso entengiso.
  • Molybdenum (Mo): Yongezwa ngenxa yokunganyangeki ephuculweyo (umz., kwi 316), kwaye ikwayinto exabisekileyo.
  • Ezinye izinto ezinjenge-titanuum, niobium, njl., Yongeza kwiindleko.
• Imveliso entsonkothileyo: Iinkqubo zeMveliso zensimbi engenanto, kubandakanya ukunyibilika, ukucoca (umz., I-Argon Oxegen ye-OXYGENTE), kunye nokulawula iingoma ezichanekileyo, Inokuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye inamandla-inzima kunentsimbi ye-carbon.

7.2 Ukulungisa iindleko

Ixabiso lezinto zokuqala liyinxalenye ye-equation yezoqoqosho.

Iindleko zokulungisa (Ukufunyanwa):

• Intsimbi yeCarbon:
  • Umatshini: Ngokubanzi kwaye ikhawuleza ihambe ngomatshini, ekhokelela kwiindleko eziphantsi kunye nexesha lezabasebenzi.
  • Ukuwelda: Intsimbi ephantsi ye-carbon kulula ukuyivelisa kunye neenkqubo ezinqabileyo zexabiso kunye neenkqubo ezilula. Iikhabhoni zekhabhoni eziphezulu zifuna okhethekileyo (kwaye ixabisa kakhulu) Inkqubo ye-welding.
  • Ukubumba: I-carbon ye-carbon yenziwa ngokulula kunye nemikhosi esezantsi.
• Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:
  • Umatshini: Kunokuba nzima ngakumbi, ngakumbi amabanga aphezulu kunye neDulex, Ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle komsebenzi kunye nokuphumelela okuphantsi kwengqondo. Oku kuhlala kukhokelela kwizantya zokwenza kancinci, Ukunyusa isixhobo, kunye neendleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi.
  • Ukuwelda: Ifuna i-metals ekhethekileyo, Ihlala inobuchule, nokulawulwa ngononophelo lwegalelo lobushushu. Ukukhusela igesi (umz., I-argon ye-tig) ibalulekile.
  • Ukubumba: Amabakala e-Austentitic ayakwazi kodwa afuna amandla aphezulu ngenxa yokusebenza nzima. Amanye amabakala anokuba ngumceli mngeni ngakumbi.
    Kuko konke, Iindleko zokufakelwa kwezinto zentsimbi ezingenasitali zihlala ziphezulu kunezixhobo zensimbi ye-carbon.

Iindleko zokugcina:

Kulapho I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile Thelekisa rhoqo cebiso ukuze uqiniseke ngentsimbi engenasimo kwixesha elide, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinomtsalane.

• Intsimbi yeCarbon:
  • Ifuna ukhuselo lokuqala olukhuselekileyo (ukupeyinta, i-galvaning).
  • Ezi zigquma zinobomi obugqibeleleyo kwaye ziya kufuna uvavanyo lwexesha, ukulungisa, kunye nokungenisa kwakhona kubomi benkonzo yecandelo ukuthintela i-corrosion. Oku kubandakanya umsebenzi, izixhobo, kunye nexesha elinokubakho.
  • Ukuba ukhukuliseko alulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, Ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo kunokuba sengozini, ekhokelela ekulungiswa kakhulu okanye ukutshintshwa.
• Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:
  • Ngokubanzi ifuna ulondolozo oluncinci lokukhuselwa kwe-corrosion ngenxa yolusu lwayo oluthile lwendalo.
  • Ukugcina imbonakalo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinedipozithi yomphezulu, Ukucoca amaxesha ngamaxesha kunokufuneka-kodwa ihlala iphantsi kwaye ingabi kakhulu kunokuba iphinde ibuyise i-carbon sensi.
  • Indalo "yokuzikhetha" yefilimu eguqukayo ithetha ukukrala kangako kuhlala kulalanisa ukunganyangeki kwayo.

Olu lunciphiso lubalulekileyo kulondolozo lunokukhokelela kwi-savisial yexesha elide yexabiso elide kunye nentsimbi engenasitali.

7.3 Ixabiso lomjikelo wobomi (I-LCC) kunye nokurisayikilisha kwakhona

Utheleko lwezoqoqosho lokwenene kufuneka luqwalasele yonke imijikelezo yobomi.

Ixabiso lomjikelo wobomi (I-LCC):

Uhlalutyo lweLCC lubandakanya:

1. Ixabiso lezinto zokuqala
2. Iindleko kunye neendleko zokufaka
3. Iindleko zomsebenzi (Ukuba ikhona into enxulumene nophawu)
4. Ukulungiswa kunye nokulungisa iindleko ngaphezulu kobomi benkonzo
5. Ukulahlwa okanye ukurisayikilisha ixabiso ekupheleni kobomi

Xa i-LCC ithathelwa ingqalelo, Intsimbi engenasitali ihlala ibaluleke ngakumbi kwi-carbon yensimbi kwizicelo apho:

• Imo engqongileyo ilahlekile.
• Ukufikelela kulondolozo kunzima okanye kubi kakhulu.
• Ixesha lokuphumla lolondolozo alimkelekanga.
• Ubomi obude benkonzo buyafuneka.
• Ixabiso lobuhle kunye nococeko lwensimbi engenanto.
  Iindleko eziphakamileyo zentsimbi ezingenasitali zinokupheliswa ziindleko zesondlo esezantsi kwaye ixesha elide, Ubomi obuthembekileyo Buthenjwa.

Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona:

Zombini i-carbon yensimbi kunye nentsimbi engenanto zinokuphinda zisetyenziselwe izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziselwe, Yeyiphi inzuzo ebalulekileyo yendalo kunye nezoqoqosho.

• Intsimbi yeCarbon: Ukuphinda usebenzise kwakhona. I-Skrap yensimbi yecandelo eliphambili kwimveliso entsha yentsimbi.
• Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo: Kwakhona kwakhona. Izinto zolwabiwo (ichromium, nickel, molybdenum) Kwi-scrap yentsimbi engenasitali ixabisekile kwaye inokuphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde isetyenziselwe ukuveliswa kwentsimbi entsha okanye ezinye izabelo. Oku kunceda ekugcineni izixhobo zeNkomfa kwaye kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso ephambili. Ixabiso eliphezulu le-interrinsic lescrap engenasitali lithetha ukuba idla ngokuwisela ixabiso elingcono kune-carbon scrap scrap scrap ye-carbon.

Ukuphinda kusebenzisekekenene negalelo elifanelekileyo kwi-LCC yazo zozibini ngokubonelela ngexabiso eliyintsalela ekupheleni kobomi benkonzo yabo.

8. Isikhokelo sokukhetha izinto: Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel

Ukukhetha phakathi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile ifuna indlela yokucwangciswa, Ukujonga iimfuno ezithile zesicelo kunye neepropathi zezinto nganye.

Eli candelo libonelela ngesikhokelo sokunceda kule nkqubo yokukhetha.

8.1 Uhlalutyo lweemfuno zomsebenzi

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuchaza ngokucacileyo iimfuno zomsebenzi wecandelo okanye isakhiwo:

Imithwalo yoMatshini kunye noxinzelelo:

Yintoni i-tedile, uxinzelelo, shear, ukugoba, okanye imithwalo ye-torsional?

Ngaba ukulayisha i-static okanye i-snamic (ukudinwa)?

Ngaba imithwalo yempembelelo ibilindelwe?

Isikhokelo:

Iinjineli zinokukhetha ubushushu bensimbi ye-carbon yensimbi okanye i-steighties ephezulu engenasiseko esifana noMartiaticic, PH, okanye amabanga aphindwe kabini xa befuna amandla aphezulu kakhulu.

Ngeenjongo zesakhiwo ngokubanzi ngemithwalo ephakathi, I-carbon ye-carbon yentsimbi okanye amaNqanaba ensizi engaqhelekanga 304/316 (ngakumbi ukuba kubanda) okanye i-6061-t6 isamkele.

Ukuba ubunzima obukhulu kunye nokuxhathisa kwempembelelo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi amaqondo obushushu asezantsi, I-Austetitic Stals Staels iphezulu.

I-carbon ye-carbon inzima.

Iqondo lokusebenza:

Ngaba icandelo lisebenza kwi-ambied, iphakanyisiwe, okanye amaqondo obushushu?

Isikhokelo:

I-Austitotic Staiels igcina amandla amahle kunye nobuchule obugqibeleleyo kwi-Cry Godergeny.

Amanye amabakala ensizi engenanto (umz., 304H, 310, 321) Nikezela ngokuchasene ne-curping entle kunye namandla amaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo.

I-carbon steels inokuphelelwa nzima kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi (I-DBT) kunye namandla amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu (cerp).

I-ballbon ye-carbon ye-carbon isetyenziselwa inkonzo yobushushu obuphezulu (umz., i-boiler tubes).

Ukunxiba kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-abrasion:

Ngaba icandelo liza kuncitshiswa, ukurabha, okanye amasuntswana ahlabayo?

Isikhokelo:

Ukunyangeka okuphezulu, Uninzi lukhetha ubushushu bensimbi ye-carbon okanye i-steedd martiericic stainces engenasinqwizi esifana ne-440c.

I-Austetitic Stals Stails ingathandana ngokulula; Cinga ngonyango lwe-APRORK okanye amaBanga anzima ukuba iXhobo yinkxalabo.

Ukwenziwa kweemfuno ze-abld:

Ngaba uyilo lubandakanya iimilo ezintsonkothileyo ezifuna ukwenziwa okukhulu?

I-POTTAT iya kuba yi-weldan?

Isikhokelo:

Ukwenziwa okuphezulu, Intsimbi ye-carbon ye-carbon okanye i-Austiitic Eustitic Stainess (njenge-304-o) zintle.

Ukuba i-welding yinxalenye ephambili yokutya, Intsimbi ephantsi ye-carbon kunye ne-Austenaitic Stails i-Staiels ilula kakhulu ukuba ikhule kune-carbon ephezulu okanye i-martiaticic.

Cinga ngobuqhetseba ngamabanga athile.

8.2 Iingqwalasela zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko

Indawo yenkonzo kunye nawaphi na imiba ebalulekileyo ibalulekile:

Indawo yokubeka:

Luhlobo luni lwendalo esingqongileyo (umz., i-thamossic, Amanzi amnandi, amanzi etyiwa, Ukuvezwa kwemichiza)?

Isikhokelo:

Kulapho intsimbi engenanto iba khona ukhetho olungagqibekanga.

Thambile: I-carbon yensimbi kunye ne-cating elungileyo isenokwanela. 304 I-SS ye-Overvity engcono.

Marine / chloride: 316 SS, i-duppex ss, okanye izabelo eziphezulu. I-carbon stiel iya kufuna ukukhuselwa ngamandla kunye nokukhusela okuqhubekayo.

Ikhemikhali: Amanqanaba ensizi ekhethekileyo engaqhelekanga (okanye ezinye ii-alloys ezizodwa) ilungiselelwe imichiza.

Iimfuno ze-hygiene:

Sisicelo sokwenza ukutya, ezonyango, okanye amashishini amayeza apho ukucoceka kunye nokungaphindi kubalulekile?

Isikhokelo:

Uninzi lwenze uninzi lwentsimbi-ngakumbi i-austeriting yamabakala afana ne-304l kunye ne-316l-igugule, umphezulu ongenzi, Ukucoca ngokulula, Ukuchasana nokunyanzelwa okuthintela ungcoliseko.

Iimfuno zobuhle:

Inkangeleko yokwenyani yecandelo ibalulekile?

Isikhokelo:

Intsimbi engenanto inikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezinomtsalane kunye nexesha eliqinisekileyo.

I-carbon steel ifuna ukupeyinta okanye ukubetheka kwe-aesthetics.

Iimpawu zeMagnetic:

Ngaba isicelo sifune izinto ezingezizo zemagnethi, okanye i-magnetism yamkelekile / inqwenelekayo?

Isikhokelo:

I-Carbon Steel ihlala i-magnetic.

Intsimbi engaqhelekanga (wanqwala) ayingombanga.

I-Ferritic, UMartiaticic, kunye ne-duplex ye-staiels ye-magnetic.

Ukugxininiswa kokhuseleko:

Zithini iziphumo zokuphumelela kwezinto (umz., Ilahleko yezoqoqosho, Ukonakaliswa kwendalo, ukwenzakala, Ukuphulukana noBomi)?

Isikhokelo:

Izicelo ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko, Iinjineli zihlala zithatha indlela yokuqhuba ngakumbi, ihlala inyula izinto ezixabisa kakhulu ezibonelela ngokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokuqikelela kwimeko yenkonzo.

Oku kunokuphelela kumabakala ensimbi engaqhelekanga ukuba i-corrosion ngumngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwi-carbon sensi.

8.3 I-Matrix ebanzi: Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel

Isigqibo seMatrix sinokunceda ngokuthelekisa iinketho.

Amanqaku asezantsi a ngokubanzi (1 = Ihlwempu, 5 = Kulungile); Amabanga athile kwintsapho nganye abahlaziya ngakumbi.

I-EFEFISIFS TARTEX (Uthelekiso ngokubanzi)

Ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile I-Dilemma ifuna ukudityaniswa kwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, Iimfuno zesicelo, kunye neenyani zoqoqosho.

9. FAQ: Intsimbi yeCarbon vs iStainless Steel

Q1: Nguwuphi umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-carbon yensimbi kunye nentsimbi engenanto?

A: Umahluko ophambili yintsimbi ye-chromium-intsimbi engenanto inento 10.5%, Ukwenza umaleko wokukhusela oqingqiweyo onqanda i-corrosion, Ngelixa i-carbon steel ingenalo le ndawo kunye neerusi ngaphandle kokhuseleko.

Q2: Ngaba intsimbi engaqhelekanga ihlala ibhetele kune-carbon sensi?

A: Intsimbi engenasitayile ayisoloko ilunge ngakumbi - kuxhomekeke kwisicelo.

Inika ukunganyangeki okuphezulu kunye ne-aesthetics.

Ngelixa i-carbon stiel inamandla, Nzima, kulula umatshini okanye i-weld, kwaye zihlala zibiza.

Esona sixhobo silungileyo ngulowo uhambelana nentsebenzo ethile, ukuqina, kunye neemfuno zexabiso.

Q3: Kutheni intsimbi engenasitayi ibiza kakhulu kune-carbon sensi?

A: Intsimbi engenasimo indleko ikakhulu ngenxa yezinto ezixabisa kakhulu i-chromium, nickel, kunye ne-molybdenum, kunye nenkqubo yayo enzima yokwenziwa.

Q4: Ndingayifumana intsimbi engenasitayile kwi-carbon sensi?

A: I-Welding yentsimbi engenasitayile kwi-carbon sensi isebenzisa i-welding ye-wrand ifuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo.

Imiceli mngeni ibandakanya ukwanda okuphezulu kwe-thermal, I-carbon digidy, kunye ne-gavanic enokubakho.

Sebenzisa izinyibiliki ezifana 309 okanye 312 Intsimbi engenalo intsimbi inceda ukuvalwa kwe-Bridge. Uyilo oluDibeneyo olufanelekileyo kunye nobuchule bubalulekile.

10. Ukuqukumbela

Uthelekiso lwe I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile ityhila iintsapho ezibini eziguquguqukayo zika-Ald, nganye ineprofayili eyodwa yepropathi, iingenelo, kunye nokusikelwa umda.

I-carbon yensimbi, ichazwe ngumxholo wekhabhoni yayo, ibonelela nge-procrum ebanzi yeepropathi zoomatshini, ukumila kakuhle (ngakumbi amabakala e-carbon), kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, Zonke kwiindleko zokuqala eziphantsi.

Isithende sayo se-Achilles, nangona kunjalo, Ngaba ukuchaphazeleka kwayo ngokwemvelo ukuya kwi-corrosion, inyanzelisa amanyathelo okhuselo kwiindawo ezininzi.

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo, iphawuleka ubuncinci bayo 10.5% Umxholo weChromium, Yahlulahlula ngokwamandla ayo aphawulekayo ukuxhathisa ukunyanzelwa ngenxa yokuqulunqwa komdlalo, I-chromium ye-chromium ye-oxide.

Ngaphaya koku, Iintsapho ezahlukeneyo ze-stainess-austetitic, ferric, UMartiaticic, i-duppex, kwaye i-PH-inike uluhlu olubanzi lweepropathi zoomatshini, ukusuka kubunzima obugqwesileyo kunye noxinzelelo kubunzima obugqithisileyo kunye namandla, kunye nomsindo onomdla.

Ezi propati ziphuculweyo, nangona kunjalo, yiza kwixabiso lezinto zokuqala eziphezulu kwaye udla ngokubandakanya iindlela zokuqala zokhetho.

Isigqibo phakathi I-carbon steel vs intsimbi engenasitayile ayisiyonto yomntu wonke ophakamileyo ukuya komnye.

Endaweni yoko, Ukukhetha kuxhomekeke kuhlalutyo oluchanekileyo lweemfuno zesicelo ezithile.